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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medalphabet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский алфавит</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical alphabet</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-5631</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Альфмед»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33667/2078-5631-2024-24-24-27</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medalphabet-4011</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности перинатального и грудного периодов у детей с расстройствами аутистического спектра</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of the perinatal and thoracic periods in children with autism spectrum disorders</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1062-7280</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бавыкина</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bavykina</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бавыкина Ирина Анатольевна, д.м.н., доцент кафедры факультетской и паллиативной педиатрии</p><p>Воронеж</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bavykina Irina A., DM Sci (habil.), associate professor at Dept of Faculty and Palliative Pediatrics </p><p>Voronezh</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i-bavikina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3896-3297</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Звягин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zvyagin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Звягин Александр Алексеевич, д.м.н., проф. кафедры пропедевтики детских болезней и поликлинической педиатрии</p><p>Воронеж</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zvyagin Alexander A., DM Sci (habil.), professor at Dept of Propaedeutics of Childhood Diseases and Polyclinic Pediatrics</p><p>Voronezh</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zvaygaa@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8819-3382</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Леднева</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ledneva</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Леднёва Вера Сергеевна, д.м.н., доцент, зав. кафедрой факультетской и паллиативной педиатрии</p><p>Воронеж</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ledneva Vera S., DM Sci (habil.), associate professor, head of Dept of Faculty and Palliative Pediatrics</p><p>Voronezh</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lvsmed@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3664-6394</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванникова</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivannikova</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иванникова Анна Сергеевна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры факультетской и паллиативной педиатрии</p><p>Воронеж</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivannikova Anna S., PhD Med, associate professor at Dept of Faculty and Palliative Pediatrics</p><p>Voronezh</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivannikofff@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8192-1159</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юрова</surname><given-names>И. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yurova</surname><given-names>I. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юрова Ирина Юрьевна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры факультетской и паллиативной педиатрии</p><p>Воронеж</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yurova Irina Yu., PhD Med, associate professor at Dept of Faculty and Palliative Pediatrics</p><p>Voronezh</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yurova.i-yurova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Воронежский государственный медицинский университет имени Н.Н. Бурденко» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>24</issue><issue-title>Современная поликлиника (2)</issue-title><fpage>24</fpage><lpage>27</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бавыкина И.А., Звягин А.А., Леднева В.С., Иванникова А.С., Юрова И.Ю., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бавыкина И.А., Звягин А.А., Леднева В.С., Иванникова А.С., Юрова И.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bavykina I.A., Zvyagin A.A., Ledneva V.S., Ivannikova A.S., Yurova I.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/4011">https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/4011</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Расстройства аутистического спектра относятся к патологии, которая получает все большее распространение по всему миру независимо от географических, климатических, социоэкономических или других региональных особенностей. В связи с широким распространением данной патологии важное значение имеет раннее выявление предикторов заболевания. Большое значение в первом определении симптомов заболевания / выявлении групп риска имеет грамотное наблюдение участкового педиатра на первом году жизни. Однако явных предикторов, свидетельствующих о наличии патологии, не разработано в связи с отсутствием точного представления об этиологии, патогенезе аутизма и разнообразия клинической картины. Полагается, что определенную роль в развитии и в обосновании тяжести течения РАС играют желудочно-кишечный тракт, микробиота, пищевая непереносимость, однако требуются дальнейшие исследования в данной области.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследовании принимали участие 138 детей с расстройствами аутистического спектра в возрасте 3–15 лет (Me 6 [4; 7,5]) и их родители. Мальчиков – 91, девочек – 47. Проведен тщательный анализ акушерского анамнеза, течения интранатального и неонатального периодов, характера вскармливания, нервно-психического развития детей на 1-м году жизни, социально-бытовых аспектов жизни семей. Статистический анализ выполнен с использованием методов описательной статистики.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Перинатальный период детей с расстройствами аутистического спектра существенно не отличается от средних данных в популяции. Установлено, что большое значение в наблюдении за детьми первого года жизни имеет оценка эмоционального развития. Несмотря на то что у обследуемых пациентов не было клинически значимой задержки нервно-психического развития (более 2 эпикризных сроков), тем не менее отмечается, что моторное развитие нарушалось реже, чем эмоциональные, игровые и речевые навыки.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Перинатальные, социальные факторы, характер вскармливания и перенесенные заболевания не оказывают влияния на развитие заболевания. Среди критериев оценки в грудном возрасте особое внимание стоит уделять нервно-психическому развитию, в частности эмоциональному развитию и игровой деятельности.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Autism spectrum disorders are a pathology that is becoming increasingly widespread throughout the world, regardless of geographic, climatic, socioeconomic or other regional characteristics. Due to the wide spread of this pathology, early detection of disease predictors is of great importance. Competent observation by a local pediatrician in the first year of life is of great importance in the first determination of disease symptoms / identification of risk groups. However, clear predictors indicating the presence of pathology have not been developed due to the lack of an accurate understanding of the etiology, pathogenesis of autism and the diversity of the clinical signs. It is believed that the gastrointestinal tract, microbiota, food intolerance play a certain role in the development and severity of ASD, but further research is needed in this area.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study included 138 children with autism spectrum disorders aged 3–15 years (Me 6 [4; 7.5]) and their parents. There were 91 boys and 47 girls. A thorough analysis of the obstetric history, the course of the intranatal and neonatal periods, the nature of feeding, the neuropsychic development of children in the first year of life, and the social and everyday aspects of family life was carried out. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics methods.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The perinatal period of children with autism spectrum disorders does not differ significantly from the average data in the population. It was found that the assessment of emotional development is of great importance in monitoring children in the first year of life. Despite the fact that the examined patients did not have a clinically significant delay in neuropsychic development (more than 2 epicrisis periods), it is nevertheless noted that motor development was impaired less often than emotional, play and speech skills.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Perinatal, social factors, the nature of feeding and past diseases do not affect the development of the disease. Among the assessment criteria in infancy, special attention should be paid to neuropsychic development, in particular emotional development and play activities.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нервно-психическое развитие</kwd><kwd>акушерский анамнез</kwd><kwd>вскармливание</kwd><kwd>аутизм</kwd><kwd>расстройства аутистического спектра</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>neuropsychiatric development</kwd><kwd>obstetric history</kwd><kwd>breastfeeding</kwd><kwd>autism</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мукаетова-Ладинска Е.Б., Симашкова Н. В., Мукаетова М. С. и др. Расстройства аутистического спектра у детей и взрослых: подходы к проблеме в разных странах. Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С. С. 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