medalphabetМедицинский алфавитMedical alphabet2078-56312949-2807ООО «Альфмед»10.33667/2078-5631-2024-25-64-68medalphabet-4010Research ArticleСтатьиПродольная эритронихия: единичные или множественные линейные красные полосы на ногтевой пластине: обзор клинических признаков и сопутствующих заболеванийInstitute for Advanced Training of Healthcare SpecialistsЩёткинаМ. В.ShchetkinaM. V.

К.м.н., врач-дерматовенеролог, врач-косметолог, и.о. заведующего кафедрой.

Хабаровск

PhD Med, dermatovenerologist, cosmetologist, acting head of Dept.

Khabarovsk

ipksz.cosm@mail.ruКГБОУ ДПО «Институт повышения квалификации специалистов здравоохранения» Министерства здравоохранения Хабаровского краяРоссияInstitute for Advanced Training of Healthcare SpecialistsRussian Federation202405122024025Дерматология (2)6468Copyright © Щёткина М.В., 20242024Щёткина М.В.Shchetkina M.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/4010

Продольная эритронихия представляет собой красную полоску на ногтевой пластинке, которая начинается от проксимального ногтевого валика, проходит через лунку и распространяющаяся до свободного края пластинки. Эритронихия классифицируется по количеству пораженных ногтей и красных полос: тип Ia (монодактильный – одна полоса), Ib (монодактильный – раздвоенные), IIa (полидактильный – одна полоса) и IIb (полидактильный – множественные). Морфологические признаки на кончике ногтя могут включать ломкость, онихолизис. Эритронихия может быть следствием различных заболеваний, включая опухоли и другие состояния. Диагностика включает биопсию ногтевого матрикса и ложа, особенно у пациентов старше 50 лет, для исключения онкологического процесса. Лечение зависит от причины, и включает хирургическое иссечение при дискомфорте или сильном расщеплении ногтей. Продольная эритронихия, являющаяся одним из важных клинических признаков различных заболеваний ногтевой пластинки, привлекает все большее внимание врачей-дерматологови специалистов других медицинских областей. Она характеризуется появлением красных полос на ногтях, которые могут быть связаны с различными патологическими процессами, такими как опухоли, системные заболевания, травмы и другие состояния. В последние годы наблюдается увеличение числа клинических случаев этого явления, что подчеркивает актуальность изучения этиологических факторов, поиска оптимальных методов диагностики и лечения. Несмотря на значительный интерес к продольной эритронихии, многие аспекты этого явления до сих пор остаются малоизученными. В данном обзоре приводится анализ клинических исследований, посвященных продольной эритронихии, с целью выявления основных характеристик этого явления, факторов риска его развития, а также возможные подходы к диагностике и лечению. Настоящий обзор базируется на современных литературных данных.

Longitudinal erythronychia presents as a red stripe running along the nail plate, originating from the base of the nail and stretching to its tip. It can vary in appearance and is categorized into different types based on the number and pattern of red stripes: type Ia (single stripe), Ib (split single stripe), IIa (single stripe affecting multiple nails), and IIb (multiple stripes affecting multiple nails). Additional symptoms may include nail brittleness and separation from the nail bed (onycholysis). Erythronychia can stem from various underlying conditions, including tumors, and diagnosis often involves a nail biopsy, especially in older patients, to rule out cancer. Treatment depends on the cause and may involve surgical removal if the condition causes discomfort or severe nail damage. Longitudinal erythronychia is gaining attention among dermatologists and other medical professionals due to its significance in diagnosing nail plate disorders. The appearance of red stripes on the nails can indicate a range of issues, from tumors to systemic diseases and injuries. Recent years have seen an uptick in reported cases, underscoring the need for research into its causes, diagnosis, and treatment. Despite increasing interest, many aspects of longitudinal erythronychia remain unclear. This review aims to examine existing clinical studies to better understand its defining features, risk factors, and diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. The review will draw from contemporary literature to provide up-to-date insights into this phenomenon.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.