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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medalphabet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский алфавит</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical alphabet</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-5631</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Альфмед»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33667/2078-5631-2024-24-16-22</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medalphabet-4003</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Атопический дерматит у детей первого года жизни: клинико-патогенетические аспекты, современные взгляды на лечение с позиции дерматолога</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Atopic dermatitis in children of the first year of life: clinical and pathogenetic aspects, modern views on treatment from the perspective of a dermatologist</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уджуху</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ujukhu</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Уджуху Владислав Юсуфович, д.м.н., проф. кафедры дерматовенерологии Института материнства и детства; проф. кафедры дерматовенерологии, аллергологии и косметологии</p><p>Москва </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ujuhu Vladislav Yu., DM Sci (habil.), professor at Dept of dermatovenerology; professor at Dept of Dermatovenerology, Allergology and Cosmetologydemy</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sovet140011@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4645-8215</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кубылинский</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kubylinsky</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кубылинский Александр Александрович, к.м.н., доцент, доцент, кафедры дерматовенерологии Института материнства и детства</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kubylinsky Alexander A., PhD Med, associate professor at Dept of dermatovenerology</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">cubsalex@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы» (РУДН)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>24</issue><issue-title>Современная поликлиника (2)</issue-title><fpage>16</fpage><lpage>22</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Уджуху В.Ю., Кубылинский А.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Уджуху В.Ю., Кубылинский А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ujukhu V.Y., Kubylinsky A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/4003">https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/4003</self-uri><abstract><p>Атопический дерматит является одним из наиболее часто встречающихся заболеваний кожи у лиц детского возраста. Важную роль в развитии клинической симптоматики атопического дерматита имеют генетические нарушения, определяющие развитие стойкого нарушения функций клеточного иммунитета. В новой концепции возникновения клинических проявлений атопического дерматита (АД) отводится Т-регуляторным лимфоцитам в виде CD 4+CD 25+ фенотипа, контроль над которым проводится фактором транскрипции FoxP3. Изучение механизма возникновения зуда, который в той или степени наблюдается у всех детей с АД, показало, что при островоспалительном течении Th2-зависимого АД зуд носит гистамин-обусловленный характер. Согласно концепции «Outside to Inside - снаружи - внутрь», наиболее значимыми механизмами, вызывающими появление АД, являются генетическая предрасположенность, обуславливающая становление аллергических реакций, изменение проницаемости эпидермального барьера, на фоне трансэпидермальной потери влаги, возникновения явлений ксероза и снижения порога зуда. У детей с АД выявлены значительные нарушения в состоянии микробиоты кожи. Видовой состав микробиоты кишечника у детей с АД значительно отличается от такового у детей со здоровой кожей. Кишечный микробиоценоз в немалой степени определяет направленность морфофункциональных процессов вэпидермисе, спомощью транслокации кишечных бактерий регулируя гуморальный ответ непосредственно в коже. Наиболее часто аллергические реакции запускаются при попадании в организм белков пищевых продуктов. Среди прочих аллергенов белок коровьего молока является наиболее значимым при развитии аллергических реакций у детей раннего детского возраста. Во многих случаях у детей первого года жизни с АД хорошей альтернативой молочным смесям на основе коровьего молока являются смеси на основе козьего молока. На современном этапе наиболее важными в комплексе лечебных мероприятий у детей с АД первого года жизни являются диетотерапия иактивная наружная терапия, включающая поэтапное применение топических стероидов, ингибиторов кальциневрина, эмолентов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Atopic dermatitis is one of the most common skin diseases in children. Genetic disorders that determine the development of persistent dysfunction of cellular immunity play an important role in the development of clinical symptoms of atopic dermatitis. In the new concept of the occurrence of clinical manifestations of atopic dermatitis (AD), T-regulatory lymphocytes are assigned, in the form of CD4+CD25+ phenotype, which is controlled by the transcription factor FoxP3. The study of the mechanism of itching, which is more or less observed in all children with blood pressure, showed that in the case of the island-inflammatory course of Th2-dependent blood pressure, itching is histamine-conditioned. According to the concept of «Outside to Inside – outside – inside», the most significant mechanisms causing the appearance of blood pressure are a genetic predisposition that causes the formation of allergic reactions, changes in the permeability of the epidermal barrier, against the background of transepidermal moisture loss, the occurrence of xerosis phenomena and a decrease in the itching threshold. Significant abnormalities in the state of the skin microbiota were found in children with AD. The species composition of the intestinal microbiota in children with AD differs significantly from that in children with healthy skin. Intestinal microbiocenosis largely determines the direction of morphofunctional processes in the epidermis, by means of translocation of intestinal bacteria regulating the humoral response directly in the skin. Most often, allergic reactions are triggered when food proteins enter the body. Among other allergens, cow’s milk protein is the most significant in the development of allergic reactions in young children. In many cases, in 1-year-old children with AD, goat’s milk mixtures are a good alternative to cow’s milk-based milk mixtures. At the present stage, the most important in the complex of therapeutic measures in children with blood pressure from the first year of life are diet therapy and active external therapy, including the phased use of topical steroids, calcineurin inhibitors, emollients.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>атопический дерматит</kwd><kwd>патогенез</kwd><kwd>зуд</kwd><kwd>микробиота</kwd><kwd>белок коровьего молока</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>atopic dermatitis</kwd><kwd>pathogenesis</kwd><kwd>itching</kwd><kwd>microbiota</kwd><kwd>cow’s milk protein</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Клинические рекомендации Минздрава России. 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