medalphabetМедицинский алфавитMedical alphabet2078-56312949-2807ООО «Альфмед»10.33667/2078-5631-2024-11-30-35medalphabet-3700Research ArticleСтатьиВременная скелетная опора – возможности и механизм применения. Обзор литературыTemporary skeletal anchorage – possibilities and mechanism of application. Literature reviewhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6661-5281МазиашвилиГ. Г.MaziashviliG. G.

Мазиашвили Гиоргий Гочаевич - аспирант кафедры челюстно-лицевой хирургии и хирургической стоматологии.

Maziashvili Georgiy Gochaevich - postgraduate student, Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery

mazgio_87@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8230-0258ХроменковаК. В.KhromenkovaK. V.

Хроменкова Ксения Владимировна - к.м.н., доцент кафедры общей и хирургической стоматологии.

Khromenkova Ksenia Vladimirovna - PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of General and Surgical Dentistry

khromenkovakv@mail.ruОборотистовН. Ю.OborotistovN. Y.

Оборотистов Николай Юрьевич - к.м.н., доцент кафедры ортодонтии и заведующий отделением клиники ортодонтии. e-library ID: 803764.

Oborotistov Nikolay Yurievich - PhD, assistant of the Department of Orthodontics and the Head of the Clinic Department of Orthodontics. e-library ID: 803764

oborotistov@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0006-7313-3543ТарановаН. Ю.TaranovaN. Y.

Таранова Наталья Юрьевна - ассистент кафедры стоматологии ФПК И ППС.

Taranova Natalya Yurevna - Assistant at the Depatment of Dentistry of FPA and PRS

nattaranova@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-7848-6554ХумгаеваХ. Р.KhumgaevaKh. R.

Хумгаева Хадижат Руслановна - врач-ординатор, кафедра челюстнолицевой хирургии и хирургической стоматологии, кафедра стоматологии детского возраста и ортодонтии.

Khumgaeva Khadijat Ruslanovna - resident physician, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Surgical Dentistry, Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontic

kkhumgaeva@mail.ruЕфановаД. С.EfanovaD. S.

Ефанова Диана Сергеевна - ординатор второго года обучения по специальности ортодонтия.

Efanova Diana Sergeevna - 2nd year resident in orthodontics

dr.dianadi@yandex.ruФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов» имени Патриса ЛумубыРоссияPatrice Lumumba Peoples’ Friendship University of RussiaRussian FederationФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования»РоссияRussian Medical Academy of Continuing Medical EducationRussian FederationМосковский государственный медико-стоматологический университет имени А.И. ЕвдокимоваРоссияMoscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. YevdokimovRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Кубанский медицинский университетРоссияKuban State Medical UniversityRussian Federation202412052024011Стоматология (2)3035Copyright © Мазиашвили Г.Г., Хроменкова К.В., Оборотистов Н.Ю., Таранова Н.Ю., Хумгаева Х.Р., Ефанова Д.С., 20242024Мазиашвили Г.Г., Хроменкова К.В., Оборотистов Н.Ю., Таранова Н.Ю., Хумгаева Х.Р., Ефанова Д.С.Maziashvili G.G., Khromenkova K.V., Oborotistov N.Y., Taranova N.Y., Khumgaeva K.R., Efanova D.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/3700

На сегодняшний день применение временной скелетной опоры (ВСО) актуально в клинической практике. Несмотря на это, существует лишь два альтернативных варианта лечения с применением ВСО: мини-винты и мини-пластины. Оба варианта скелетной опоры имеют свои положительные и отрицательные качества, которые в той или иной степени влияют на результат и сроки лечения. Целью данного обзора литературы является описать основные методы применения временных скелетных опор, при каких клинических случаях возможно их использование, а при каких противопоказано, а также какие положительные и отрицательные стороны можно наблюдать во время и после лечения ортодонтических пациентов. Поиск научных данных проводился в базе данных «PubMed» по таким ключевым словам как: orthodontic skeletal anchorage, temporary anchorage, orthodontic mini-screw, orthodontic mini-plate. По результатам поиска литературы было выявлено, что временная скелетная опора позволяет хирургу и ортодонту предсказуемо вносить изменения в челюстных костях, которые ранее можно было проводить только при помощи ортогнатической хирургии. Перед установкой мини-винта или мини-пластины должно проводится тщательное планирование в виде осмотра и рентгенологического обследования. В конечном счете, необходимо получить информированное согласие, объясняющее пациенту, что ортогнатия все еще может быть необходима, если метод с применением скелетной опоры не принесет желаемых результатов. Хотя это все еще относительно новый метод, некоторые вопросы требуют рассмотрения и дальнейших клинических исследований.

To date, the use of a temporary skeletal anchorage in orthodontic treatment in almost every clinical case. Despite this, there are only two variants of this surgical instrument: mini-screws and mini-plates. Both variants of the skeletal anchorage have their positive and negative qualities, which, to one degree or another, affect the result and timing of treatment. The purpose of this literature review is to describe the main methods of using temporary skeletal anchorage, in which clinical cases their use is possible and contraindicated, as well as what positive and negative aspects can be observed during and after the treatment of orthodontic patients. The search for scientific data was carried out in the PubMed database using such keywords as: orthodontic skeletal anchorage, temporary anchorage, orthodontic mini-screw, orthodontic mini-plate. A literature search revealed that temporary skeletal anchorage allows the surgeon and orthodontist to predictably make changes to the jaw bones that were previously only possible with orthognathic surgery. Before installing a mini-screw or mini-plate, careful planning in the form of an examination and x-ray examination should be carried out. Ultimately, informed consent should be obtained explaining to the patient that orthognathia may still be necessary if the skeletal anchorage method fails. Although this is still a relatively new technique, some issues need to be considered and further clinical research is needed.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.