medalphabetМедицинский алфавитMedical alphabet2078-56312949-2807ООО «Альфмед»10.33667/2078-5631-2023-36-51-56medalphabet-3483Research ArticleСтатьиВозможное решение проблемы послеоперационного илеуса в онкологической хирургииPossible solution to problem of postoperative ileus in oncological surgeryhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0385-8232ДеговцовЕ. Н.DegovtsovE. N.

Деговцов Евгений Николаевич - д. м. н., зав. кафедрой госпитальной хирургии.

Омск

Degovtsov Evgeny N. - DM Sci (habil.), head of Dept of Hospital Surgery.

Omsk

edego2001@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1597-1876ТруханД. И.TrukhanD. I.

Трухан Дмитрий Иванович - д. м. н., доцент, проф. кафедры поликлинической терапии и внутренних болезней.

Омск

Trukhan Dmitry I. - DM Sci (habil.), associate professor, professor at Dept of Polyclinic Therapy and Internal Diseases.

Omsk

dmitry_trukhan@mail.ruКарасевВ. Е.KarasevV. E.

Карасев Владимир Евгеньевич - к. м. н., доцент кафедры онкологии, лучевой терапии факультета ДПО Омский ГМУ, зав. хирургическим отделением № 3 КОД.

Омск

Karasev Vladimir E. - PhD Med, associate professor at Dept of Oncology and Radiation Therapy of Faculty of Additional Professional Education.

Omsk

osmaoncology@gmail.comКалиниченкоД. А.KalinichenkoD. A.

Калиниченко Дмитрий Анатольевич - к. м. н., доцент кафедры госпитальной хирургии.

Омск

Kalinichenko Dmitry A., PhD Med, associate professor at Dept of Hospital Surgery.

Omsk

kalinaur@mail.ruФГБОУ ВО «Омский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава РоссииРоссияOmsk State Medical UniversityRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Омский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России; БУЗ Омской области «Клинический онкологический диспансер»РоссияOmsk State Medical University; Clinical Oncology DispensaryRussian Federation202317012024036Диагностика и терапия (4)5156Copyright © Деговцов Е.Н., Трухан Д.И., Карасев В.Е., Калиниченко Д.А., 20242024Деговцов Е.Н., Трухан Д.И., Карасев В.Е., Калиниченко Д.А.Degovtsov E.N., Trukhan D.I., Karasev V.E., Kalinichenko D.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/3483

Хирургическая онкология не является четко определенной дисциплиной. Разнообразие хирургических специальностей в онкологии обусловлено разнообразием локализаций опухоли. После операций, затрагивающих органы брюшной полости, возможно развитие динамической кишечной непроходимости, которая обозначается как послеоперационный парез ЖКТ, или послеоперационный илеус (ПОИ). Нами не найдено сведений о частоте ПОИ в хирургической онкологии, однако известна частота развития ПОИ в клинике колоректальной хирургии (от 10 до 30 %) и после гинекологических операций (10–15 %). Сохраняется актуальным вопрос профилактики ПОИ. В систематическом обзоре рекомендаций, направленных на восстановление функции ЖКТ после хирургического вмешательства на органах брюшной полости, отмечено, что наиболее часто рекомендуемыми вмешательствами были слабительные на основе магния (48,6 %) и применение жевательной резинки (35,1 %), другие рекомендации встречались значительно реже. Однако в отечественных обзорах возможностям применения жевательной резинки для профилактики ПОИ в колоректальной хирургии и акушерско-гинекологической практике посвящено всего по одному абзацу с ограниченным количеством ссылок на литературные источники. В реальной клинической практике жевательная резинка используется после хирургических вмешательств для уменьшения ПОИ с начала XXI века. Рекомендация по применению жевательной резинки в послеоперационном периоде после операций на органах брюшной полости к настоящему времени включена в ряд клинических рекомендаций. В обзоре рассмотрены клинические исследования, обзоры и метаанализы, в которых изучалась возможность применения жевательной резинки в профилактике ПОИ в онкологической хирургии.

Surgical oncology is not a well-defined discipline. The variety of surgical specialties in oncology is due to the variety of tumor localizations. After operations involving the abdominal organs, it is possible to develop dynamic intestinal obstruction, which is referred to as postoperative paresis of the gastrointestinal tract or postoperative ileus (POI). We did not find any information on the frequency of POI in surgical oncology, however, the frequency of POI in the clinic of colorectal surgery is known to be from 10 to 30 % and after gynecological operations from 10 to 15 %. The issue of POI prevention remains relevant. In a systematic review of recommendations aimed at restoring GI function after abdominal surgery, the most commonly recommended interventions were magnesium-based laxatives (48.6 %) and chewing gum (35.1 %), with other recommendations occurring significantly. less often. However, in domestic reviews, only 1 paragraph is devoted to the possibilities of using chewing gum for the prevention of POI in colorectal surgery and obstetric and gynecological practice, with a limited number of references to literary sources. In real clinical practice, chewing gum has been used after surgery to reduce POI since the beginning of the 21st century. The recommendation for the use of chewing gum in the postoperative period after abdominal surgery has now been included in a number of clinical guidelines. The review considers clinical studies, reviews and meta-analyses that have studied the possibility of using chewing gum in the prevention of POI in oncological surgery.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.