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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medalphabet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский алфавит</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical alphabet</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-5631</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Альфмед»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33667/2078-5631-2023-23-46-52</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medalphabet-3334</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Геморрагическая лихорадка с почечным синдромом и лептоспироз: дифференциальный диагноз</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and leptospirosis: Differential diagnosis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Старостина</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Starostina</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валерия Игоревна Старостина, к. м. н., доцент</p><p>кафедра инфекционных болезней</p><p>Уфа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valeria I. Starostina, PhD Med, associate professor</p><p>Dept of Infectious Diseases</p><p>Ufa</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.i.starostina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гильманов</surname><given-names>А. Ж.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gilmanov</surname><given-names>A. Zh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Жанович Гильманов, д. м. н., проф., зав. кафедрой</p><p>Институт дополнительного профессионального образования</p><p>кафедра лабораторной диагностики</p><p>Уфа</p><p>WoS Researcher ID: F-6841–2017</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 6602767569</p><p>Author ID РИНЦ: 687272</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander Zh. Gilmanov, DM Sci (habil.), professor, head of Dept</p><p>Institute of Additional Professional Education</p><p>Dept of Laboratory Diagnostics</p><p>Ufa</p><p>WoS Researcher ID: F-6841–2017</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 6602767569</p><p>Author ID РИНЦ: 687272</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alex_gilm@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Латыпова</surname><given-names>Г. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Latypova</surname><given-names>G. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гульнара Руслановна Латыпова, к. м. н., доцент</p><p>кафедра инфекционных болезней</p><p>Уфа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gulnara R. Latypova, PhD Med, associate professor</p><p>Dept of Infectious Diseases</p><p>Ufa</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gulnara1-s@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Башкирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bashkir State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>23</issue><issue-title>Современная лаборатория (2)</issue-title><fpage>46</fpage><lpage>52</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Старостина В.И., Гильманов А.Ж., Латыпова Г.Р., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Старостина В.И., Гильманов А.Ж., Латыпова Г.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Starostina V.I., Gilmanov A.Z., Latypova G.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/3334">https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/3334</self-uri><abstract><p>   Геморрагическая лихорадка с почечным синдромом и лептоспироз имеют сходства и различия в клинической картине. Лихорадка, интоксикация, ярко выраженная клиника поражения почек и геморрагический синдром наблюдаются при обеих инфекциях. Течение этих заболеваний могут осложнить развитие инфекционно-токсического шока, острой почечной недостаточности, диссеминированного внутрисосудистого свертывания крови. Клинические проявления синдрома желтухи могут наблюдаться при лептоспирозе, но не характерны для геморрагической лихорадки с почечным синдромом. При лептоспирозе, в отличие от геморрагической лихорадки с почечным синдромом, может развиться печеночная недостаточность. Заражение этими заболеваниями чаще происходит во время пребывания в лесу, на даче, в сельской местности. Природные очаги инфекций могут располагаться на одних и тех же территориях или граничить друг с другом, что также усложняет дифференциальную диагностику. В статье представлена информация об этиологии, эпидемиологии, географическом распространении, патогенезе, патологической анатомии, клинике и диагностике геморрагической лихорадки с почечным синдромом и лептоспироза. На основании этих данных подробно разбираются патофизиологические, клинические и лабораторные аспекты дифференциального диагноза между этими заболеваниями.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and leptospirosis have similarities and differences in the clinical picture. Fever, intoxication, pronounced kidney damage and hemorrhagic syndrome are observed in both infections. The course of these diseases may be complicated by the development of infectious-toxic shock, acute renal failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation. Clinical manifestations of the syndrome of jaundice and meningitis may be observed in leptospirosis, but are not characteristic of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. In leptospirosis, in contrast to hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, liver failure may develop. Infection with these diseases often occurs during a stay in a forest, in a holiday home, in rural areas. The natural foci of these infections may be located on the same territories or border each other, which also complicates the differential diagnostics. The article provides information on the etiology, epidemiology, geographical distribution, pathogenesis, pathological anatomy, clinical picture and diagnostics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and leptospirosis. Based on these data, the pathophysiological, clinical and laboratory aspects of the differential diagnosis between these diseases are analyzed in detail.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>геморрагическая лихорадка с почечным синдромом</kwd><kwd>лептоспироз</kwd><kwd>дифференциальный диагноз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome</kwd><kwd>leptospirosis</kwd><kwd>differential diagnosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Laenen L., Vergote V., Calisher C. H., et al. Hantaviridae: Current Classification and Future Perspectives. Viruses. 2019; 11: 788. doi: 10.3390/v11090788</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Laenen L., Vergote V., Calisher C. H., et al. Hantaviridae: Current Classification and Future Perspectives. 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