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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medalphabet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский алфавит</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical alphabet</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-5631</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Альфмед»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33667/2078-5631-2023-19-44-48</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medalphabet-3300</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Новые аспекты патогенеза плацентарной недостаточности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>New aspects of the pathogenesis of placental insufficiency</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8284-8117</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаспарян</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gasparyan</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гаспарян Сусанна Арташесовна, д. м. н., проф., проф. кафедры акушерства и гинекологии с курсом ДПО</p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gasparyan Susanna A., DM Sci, prof., prof. of Obstetrics and gynecology Dept.</p><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prof-gasp55@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7871-7218</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орфанова</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orfanova</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Орфанова Идилия Ашотовна, аспирант кафедры акушерства и гинекологии с курсом ДПО</p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Orfanova Idilia A., graduate student of Obstetrics and gynecology Dept.</p><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">idiliya24@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3683-0316</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахмедова</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhmedova</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ахмедова Сабият Магомедгаджиевна, аспирант кафедры акушерства и гинекологии с курсом ДПО</p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Akhmedova Sabiiat M., graduate student of Obstetrics and gynecology Dept.</p><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sabiyat.ahmedova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9082-5978</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Василенко</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilenko</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Василенко Ирина Анатольевна, д. м. н., проф., проф. кафедры неорганической и аналитической химии, зав. лабораторией биомедицинских методов исследований</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasilenko Irina A., DM Sci, prof., prof. of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Dept, head of the Biomedical Research Methods Lab.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vasilenko0604@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ МО «Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М. Ф. Владимирского» Минздрава Московской области; ФГБОУ ВО «Российский государственный университет им. А. Н. Косыгина» Минобрнауки России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>M. F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical and Research Institute (MONIKI); Russian State University named after A. N. Kosygin</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>19</issue><issue-title>Современная гинекология (2)</issue-title><fpage>44</fpage><lpage>48</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гаспарян С.А., Орфанова И.А., Ахмедова С.М., Василенко И.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гаспарян С.А., Орфанова И.А., Ахмедова С.М., Василенко И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gasparyan S.A., Orfanova I.A., Akhmedova S.M., Vasilenko I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/3300">https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/3300</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Плацентарная недостаточность – поликаузальный синдром, характеризующийся нарушением молекулярных, клеточных, тканевых и органных адаптационно-гомеостатических реакций фетоплацентарной системы. Доказано активное участие нейтрофильного звена врожденного иммунитета в развитии эндотелиальной дисфункции и тромботических нарушений, которые лежат в основе многих осложнений беременности, что послужило поводом для проведения поисковых исследований по оценке уровня нейтрофильных внеклеточных ловушек (НВЛ) у беременных в разные периоды гестации.Цель исследования. Выявить особенности формирования нейтрофильных внеклеточных ловушек у беременных с нормально протекающей беременностью и плацентарной недостаточностью, ассоциированной с тромбофилией.Материал и методы. Обследованы 85 беременных во II и III триместрах беременности: 40 – с нормальным течением беременности (группа сравнения) и 45 (основная группа) – с тромбофилией (дефицит протеина S/протеина C) и cубкомпенсированной плацентарной недостаточностью. Уровень НВЛ оценивали в мазках крови по типу «монослой» с помощью автоматической микроскопической системы МЕКОС-Ц2.Результаты. Установлено, что уровень ДНК-ловушек при нормально протекающей беременности и у беременных с плацентарной недостаточностью на сроке гестации 21–24 недели превышал в 1,3 и практически в 2 раза показатели вне беременности (p &lt;0,05), с преобладанием IIa фазы этоза. К 36–37-й неделе в условиях нормальной беременности отмечалось незначительное увеличение %НВЛ (16 %), в то время как в группе беременных с плацентарной недостаточностью %НВЛ по сравнению с исходными данными увеличивался на 35,7 % с сохранением высокого содержания внеклеточных структур во IIа фазе этозной трансформации (7,4 % против 5,8 % на сроке 21–24 недели, р &gt;0,05).Заключение. Является очевидным, что наличие высокого уровня НВЛ свидетельствует о сбое иммунных механизмов защиты и развитии неадекватного воспалительного ответа в патогенезе фетоплацентарной недостаточности, что может быть полезным при проведении промежуточного динамического контроля за состоянием беременной.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Relevance. Placental insufficiency is a polycausal syndrome characterized by a violation of the molecular, cellular, tissue and organ adaptivehomeostatic reactions of the fetoplacental system. The active participation of the neutrophil component of the innate immune system in the development of endothelial dysfunction and thrombotic disorders, which underlie many complications of pregnancy, has been proven, which served as the reason for conducting exploratory studies to assess the level of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in pregnant women at different stages of gestation.The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps in pregnant women with normal pregnancy and placental insufficiency associated with thrombophiliaMaterial and methods. 85 pregnant women in the second and third trimester were examined: 40 women with normal pregnancy (comparison group) and 45 (main group) with thrombophilia (protein S/protein C deficiency) and subcompensated placental insufficiency. The level of NVL was assessed in blood smears according to the monolayer type using an automatic microscopic system MECOS-C 2.Results. It was found that the level of DNA traps in normal pregnancy and in pregnant women with placental insufficiency at 21–24 weeks of gestation was 1.3 and almost 2 times higher than the level outside pregnancy (p &lt;0.05), with a predominance of phase IIa etosis. By 36–37 weeks, in a normal pregnancy, there was a slight increase in%NVL (16 %), while in the group of pregnant women with placental insufficiency,%NVL increased by 35.7 % compared to the initial data, maintaining a high content of extracellular structures in IIa phase of ethotic transformation (7.4 % versus 5.8 % at 21–24 weeks, p &gt;0.05).Conclusion. It is obvious that the presence of a high level of NIV indicates a failure of immune defense mechanisms and the development of an inadequate inflammatory response in the pathogenesis of fetoplacental insufficiency, which can be useful when carrying out intermediate dynamic monitoring of the condition of a pregnant woman.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>беременность</kwd><kwd>плацентарная недостаточность</kwd><kwd>тромбофилия</kwd><kwd>нейтрофилы</kwd><kwd>внеклеточные ловушки нейтрофилов</kwd><kwd>NETs</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pregnancy</kwd><kwd>placental insufficiency</kwd><kwd>thrombophilia</kwd><kwd>neutrophils</kwd><kwd>neutrophil extracellular traps</kwd><kwd>NETs</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brosens I, Puttemans P, Benagiano G. Placental bed research: I. 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