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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medalphabet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский алфавит</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical alphabet</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-5631</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Альфмед»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33667/2078-5631-2023-14-7-11</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medalphabet-3242</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Диагностический скрининг риска церебрального венозного тромбоза у пациенток молодого возраста, принимающих оральные контрацептивы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diagnostic screening for risk of cerebral venous thrombosis in young patients taking oral contraceptives</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8655-8501</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Путилина</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Putilina</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Путилина Марина Викторовна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, профессор кафедры клинической фармакологии лечебного факультета.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina V. Putilina - DM Sci (habil.), professor, professor at Dept of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">profput@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7181-4680</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Теплова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Teplova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Теплова Наталья Вадимовна - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой клинической фармакологии лечебного факультета.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nataliya V. Teplova - DM Sci (habil.), professor, head of Dept of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>14</issue><issue-title>«Неврология и психиатрия» (2)</issue-title><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>11</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Путилина М.В., Теплова Н.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Путилина М.В., Теплова Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Putilina M.V., Teplova N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/3242">https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/3242</self-uri><abstract><p>Церебральный венозный тромбоз редко диагностируется у молодых пациенток – примерно 3–4 случая на миллион человек в общей популяции. Вероятно, это связано с тем, что клинические проявления ЦВТ неспецифичны и варьируют от изолированных головных болей до отдельных неврологических симптомов. С другой стороны, выявление этой патологии затруднено из-за недостаточной осведомленности врачей о диагностическом скрининге факторов риска. В последние годы на первый план выходят факторы риска, связанные с нарушениями в свертывающей системе крови (генетически обусловленные и приобретенные коагулопатии) и изменениями в сосудистой стенке, особенно у пациентов женского пола, применяющих оральные контрацептивы. Однако назначение этой группы лекарственных средств проходит без учета риска развития сосудистых осложнений, таких как тромбоз церебральных вен, поэтому концепция первичной настороженности у подростков с нарушениями менструального цикла и женщин репродуктивного возраста при назначении гормональных препаратов должна базироваться на тщательном скрининге на изменения свертывающей системы организма. Концепция первичной настороженности при назначении гормональных препаратов должна базироваться на тщательном скрининге на врожденные или приобретенные изменения свертывающей системы организма. Значимыми генетическими мутациями для диагностики считаются Лейденовская и F2-протромбина G20210A, метилентетрогидрофосфатредуктазы  (МТГФР), ингибитора активатора плазминогена (PAI-I), фактора VII, гликопротеина (ГП IIIa), дефицит протеинов С, S и антитромбина. Целесообразно в скрининг включать определение витаминов группы В. У небеременных женщин фолатный дефицит может обнаруживаться только в эритроцитах, при норме в плазме. При обнаружении у пациента любой мутации необходимо обследование его ближайших родственников для уточнения их генетического профиля и своевременного применения мер профилактики в отношении тромбозов, рекомендуется замена оральных контрацептивов другими способами контрацепции. Если в анамнезе ранее имели место тромбозы, показано пожизненное лечение антикоагулянтами.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Cerebral venous thrombosis is rarely diagnosed in young patients, approximately 3–4 cases per a million people in the general population. This is probably due to the fact that the clinical manifestations of CVT are nonspecific and vary from isolated headaches to individual neurological symptoms. On the other hand, the detection of this pathology is difficult due to the lack of awareness of physicians about the diagnostic screening of risk factors. In recent years, risk factors associated with disorders in the blood coagulation system (genetically determined and acquired coagulopathy) and changes in the vascular wall have come to the fore, especially in female patients using oral contraceptives. However, the prescription of this group of drugs does not take into account the risk of developing vascular complications, such as cerebral vein thrombosis, so the concept of primary vigilance in adolescents with menstrual irregularities and women of reproductive age when prescribing hormonal drugs should be based on careful screening for changes in the coagulation system. organism. The concept of primary vigilance in the appointment of hormonal drugs should be based on careful screening for congenital or acquired changes in the coagulation system of the body. Significant genetic mutations for diagnosis are Leiden and F2-prothrombin G20210A, methylenetetrohydrophosphate reductase (MTHFR), plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-I), factor VII, glycoprotein (GP IIIa), deficiency of proteins C, S, and antithrombin. It is advisable to include the determination of vitamins B in screening. In non-pregnant women, folate deficiency can only be detected in erythrocytes, while normal in plasma. If any mutation is found in a patient, it is necessary to examine his next of kin to clarify their genetic profile and timely use of preventive measures against thrombosis, it is recommended to replace oral contraceptives with other methods of contraception. If a history of thrombosis has previously occurred, lifelong treatment with anticoagulants is indicated.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>генетические мутации</kwd><kwd>коагулопатии</kwd><kwd>фактор Лейдена</kwd><kwd>F2-протромбин</kwd><kwd>гликопротеин</kwd><kwd>протеины С</kwd><kwd>S</kwd><kwd>антитромбин</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>genetic mutations</kwd><kwd>coagulopathy</kwd><kwd>Leiden factor</kwd><kwd>F2-prothrombin</kwd><kwd>glycoprotein</kwd><kwd>proteins C</kwd><kwd>S</kwd><kwd>antithrombin</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Devianne, Julia &amp; Legris, Nicolas &amp; Crassard, Isabelle &amp; Bellesme, Celine &amp; Béjot, Yannick &amp; Guidoux, Celine &amp; Pico, Fernando &amp; Germanaud, David &amp; Obadia, Michael &amp; Rodriguez, Diana &amp; Tuppin, Philippe &amp; Kossorotoff, Manoelle &amp; Denier, Christian. 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