<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medalphabet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский алфавит</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical alphabet</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-5631</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Альфмед»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33667/2078-5631-2023-12-53-58</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medalphabet-3225</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Локальная аппаратная гипотермия  при хирургических операциях в полости рта</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Local apparatus hypothermia during surgical interventions in the oral cavity</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7160-2023</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусейнов</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Guseynov</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гусейнов Ниджат Айдын оглы -  аспирант; кафедра челюстно-лицевой хирургии и хирургической стоматологииAuthorID: 15841455600</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Guseynov Nidjat Aydin ogli -  postgraduate, the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery</p><p> AuthorID: 15841455600</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nid.gus@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мураев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Muraev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мураев Александр Александрович -  д.м.н, профессор; кафедра челюстно-лицевой хирургии и хирургической стоматологии</p><p>AuthorID: 611838</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Muraev Alexandr Alexandrovich - DDS, professor, the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery</p><p>AuthorID: 611838</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">muraev_aa@pfur.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5458-0192</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>С. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>S. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иванов Сергей Юрьевич -  д.м.н., профессор, член-корреспондент РАН, заведующий кафедрой челюстно-лицевой хирургии и хирургической стоматологии; заведующий кафедрой челюстно-лицевой хирургии AuthorID: 615227</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivanov Sergey Yurievich - DDS, professor, corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, the department of maxillofacial surgery</p><p>AuthorID: 615227</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">syivanov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лукьянова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lukianova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лукьянова Елена Анатольевна -  к.б.н., доцент кафедры медицинской информатики и телемедицины </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lukianova Elena Anatolievna -  Ph.D, associate professor, the department of medical informatics and telemedicine</p><p>ScopusID: 16304486400</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lukianova_ea@pfur.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0431-0033</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бопхоев</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bopkhoev</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бопхоев Саддам Висингиреевич -  аспирант ЧЛХ и хирургической стоматологии </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bopkhoev Saddam Visingireevich - postgraduate, the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bophoevs@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6975-7018</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мухаметшин</surname><given-names>Р. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukhametshin</surname><given-names>R. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мухаметшин Роман Флоридович - к.м.н., ассистент кафедры ЧЛХ и ХС</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mukhametshin Roman Floridovich -  Ph.D., assistant of the Department of the Department of Maxillo-facial Surgery and Operative  Dentistry</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7313-3543</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Таранова</surname><given-names>Н. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Taranova</surname><given-names>N. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Таранова Наталья Юрьевна -  ассистент кафедры стоматологии ФПК И ППС </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Taranova Natalya Yurevna -  Assistant at the Depatment of Dentistry of F PA and PRS</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Кубанский медицинский университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The Depatment of Dentistry of F PA and PRS, Kuban State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>12</issue><issue-title>Стоматология (2)</issue-title><fpage>53</fpage><lpage>58</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гусейнов Н.А., Мураев А.А., Иванов С.Ю., Лукьянова Е.А., Бопхоев С.В., Мухаметшин Р.Ф., Таранова Н.Ю., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гусейнов Н.А., Мураев А.А., Иванов С.Ю., Лукьянова Е.А., Бопхоев С.В., Мухаметшин Р.Ф., Таранова Н.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Guseynov N.A., Muraev A.A., Ivanov S.Y., Lukianova E.A., Bopkhoev S.V., Mukhametshin R.F., Taranova N.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/3225">https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/3225</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Криотерапия сухим льдом повсеместно используется во всех сферах медицины, так как данный метод позволяет снизить отек, гематому. Однако, есть и присущие данному методу недостатки в виде декомпенсации сосудистого русла, тем самым выход за рамки резервных сил организма. В силу этого, актуальна разработка и применение метода «мягкого» последовательного охлаждения целевой области, для более последовательной спастической реакции сосудистого русла. В данном клиническом исследовании была применена методика локальной аппаратной гипотермии, которая позволила снизить вероятность нежелательных локальных декомпенсаторных реакций со стороны организма.</p></sec><sec><title> Цель</title><p> Цель. Клиническое обоснование применения локальной аппаратной гипотермии в послеоперационном периоде у пациентов после сложных удалений 3-х моляров.</p></sec><sec><title> Материалы и методы</title><p> Материалы и методы. Обследовано 60 пациентов с диагнозом «Ретенция и дистопия третьих моляров нижней челюсти» по (30 человек в контрольной и 30 в экспериментальной группах). В экспериментальной группе пациентам после хирургических вмешательств проводили локальную аппаратную гипотермию в течении 60 минут с целевой температурой 18 °С однократно, пациентам контрольной группы проводили криотерапию пакетом со льдом по 15 минут (3 минуты экс- позиция, 3 минуты отдых, всего 5 раз). Локальную аппаратную гипотермию проводили при помощи аппарата «ViTherm» (ЦТХ Сколково, г. Москва). Критериями оценки эффективности применяемых методов в исследовании являлись: тип заживления раны, наличие боли, отека, тризма жевательных мышц и дискомфорта при жевании и разговоре, необходимость приема нестероидных противовоспалительных средств, наличие осложнений. Результаты исследования вносились в таблицу, с дальнейшим статистическим сравнительным анализом. Для сравнения использовали критерий Хи-квадрат с поправкой Йейтса.</p></sec><sec><title> Результаты</title><p> Результаты. У пациентов контрольной группы коллатеральный отек челюстно-лицевой области наблюдался в 100% случаев, а у пациентов экспериментальной в 87%. Дискомфорт при жевании и разговоре ощущали 87 и 83% человек в контрольной и экспериментальной группах соответственно. В экспериментальной группе у пациентов осложнений не наблюдалось, а в контрольной группе осложнения присутствовали у 17% пациентов (p=0,06). Боль ощущали 100% пациентов из контрольной группы и лишь 60% в экспериментальной (p=0,0004). Необходимость приема нестероидных противовоспалительных средств была у 97 и 73% пациентов соответственно в контрольной и экспериментальной группах (p=0,03). В экспериментальной группе у 73% пациентов заживление произошло первичным натяжением, а у 27% вторичным. В контрольной группе заживление первичным натяжением раны встречается в 30% случаев, а вторичное в 70% (p=0,002). В контрольной группе у пациентов наблюдались осложнения в виде альвеолита на 3 день после операции у 5 пациентов, а в экспериментальной группе они отсутствовали. Заживление раны первичным натяжением наблюдалось у 31 пациента: в контрольной группе 9 человек, в экспериментальной 22 человек. Заживление раны вторичным натяжением наблюдалось у 29 пациента: в контрольной группе 20 человек, в экспериментальной 9; коллатеральный отек визуально наблюдался у 56 пациентов: в контрольной 30 человек, в экспериментальной 26. У 48 пациентов наблюдались жалобы на боли: в контрольной группе 30 человек, в экспериментальной 18 человек; дискомфорт при приеме пищи и разговоре, открывании рта у 46 человек: в контрольной группе 25 человек, в экспериментальной 21 человек; (контрольная n=25, экспериментальная n=21); 9 пациентов не принимали нестероидные противовоспалительные средства: в контрольной группе 1 человек, в экспериментальной 8 человек.</p></sec><sec><title> Вывод</title><p> Вывод. По данным результатов исследования и статистического анализа можно сделать вывод, что применение локальной аппаратной гипотермии в послеоперационном периоде у пациентов после сложного удаления 3-х моляров нижней челюсти снижает вероятность послеоперационных осложнений в экспериментальной группе на 100%, боли на 40%, отека в челюстно-лицевой области на 13%, вероятности вторичного натяжения раны на 73%, тризма жевательных мышц и дискомфорта при жевании и разговоре на 17%, приема нестероидных противовоспалительных средств на 27% в сравнении с контрольной группой.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Dry ice cryotherapy is widely used in all areas of medicine, as this method can reduce swelling, hematoma. However, there are also disadvantages inherent in this method in the form of decompensation of the vascular bed, thereby going beyond the reserve forces of the body. Because of this, it is relevant to develop and apply the method of «soft» sequential cooling of the target area, for a more consistent spastic reaction of the vascular bed. In this clinical study, the technique of local hardware hypothermia was applied, which made it possible to reduce the likelihood of undesirable local decompensatory reactions from the body.</p></sec><sec><title> Purpose</title><p> Purpose. Clinical rationale for the use of local hardware hypothermia in the postoperative period in patients after complex extractions of 3 molars.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. We studied 60 subjects diagnosed with retention and dystopia of the third molars of the n/h (30 control, 30 experimental groups). The experimental group after surgical interventions underwent PAH for 60 minutes with a target temperature of 18°C once, the control group received cryotherapy with an ice pack for 15 minutes (3 minutes exposure, 3 minutes rest 5 times). PAH was performed using the ViTherm apparatus (TsTKh Skolkovo, Moscow). The evaluation criteria in the study were: the type of wound healing, the presence of pain, swelling, lockjaw and discomfort, the use of NSAIDs, the presence of complications. The results of the study were entered into a table, with further statistical comparative analysis. For comparison, the Chi-square test with Yates correction was used.</p></sec><sec><title> Results</title><p> Results. In the control group, edema was observed in 100% of cases, and in the experimental group in 87%. Discomfort was felt by 87% and 83% of patients in the control and experimental groups, respectively. There were no complications in the experimental group, and 17% of patients in the control group (p=0.06). Pain was felt by 100% of patients in the control group and only 60% in the experimental group (p=0.0004). The intake of NSAIDs was 97% and 73%, respectively, in the control and experimental groups (p=0.03). In the experimental group, 73% of patients healed according to the primary type, and in 27% according to the secondary type. In the control group, primary healing occurs in 30% of cases, and secondary in 70% (p=0.002). In the control group, complications were observed in the form of alveolitis on the 3rd day after surgery (control n=5). 3 patients did not receive an injection of DMZ in the postoperative period at the request of the patient. In 31 patients the wound healed by primary intention (control n=9, experimental n=22), in 29 patients the wound healed by secondary intention (control n=20, experimental n=9), collateral edema was visually observed in 56 patients (control n=30 , experimental n=26). 48 patients complained of pain (control n=30, experimental n=18), discomfort when eating and talking, opening the mouth in 46 (control n=25, experimental n=21); 9 patients did not take NSAIDs (control n=1, experimental n=8).</p></sec><sec><title> Conclusion</title><p> Conclusion. According to the statistical analysis and the results of the study, it can be said that the use of PAH in the postoperative period in patients after complex removal of 3 molars in the lower jaw reduces the likelihood of postoperative complications in the experimental group by 100%, pain by 40%, edema by 13%, the likelihood of secondary healing by 73%, trismus and discomfort by 17%, NSAIDs by 27% compared with the control group.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>локальная гипотермия</kwd><kwd>аппаратная гипотермия</kwd><kwd>контролируемая гипотермия</kwd><kwd>послеоперационное воспаление</kwd><kwd>противовоспалительная терапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>local hypothermia</kwd><kwd>machine hypothermia</kwd><kwd>controlled hypothermia</kwd><kwd>postoperative inflammation</kwd><kwd>anti-inflammatory therapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guirro R, Abib C, Máximi C. Os efeitos fisiológicos da crioterapia: uma revisão. Rev Fisioterapia da USP 1999;6:164–70.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guirro R, Abib C, Máximi C. Os efeitos fisiológicos da crioterapia: uma revisão. Rev Fisioterapia da USP 1999;6:164–70.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jutte LS, Merrick MA, Ingersoll CD, Edwards JE. The relationship between intramuscular temperature, skin temperature and adipose thickness during cryotherapy and rewarming. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2001;82:845-50.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jutte LS, Merrick MA, Ingersoll CD, Edwards JE. The relationship between intramuscular temperature, skin temperature and adipose thickness during cryotherapy and rewarming. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2001;82:845-50.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Knight KL Crioterapia no tratamento das lesões esportivas. São Paulo, Brazil: Manole; 2000:225-38.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Knight KL Crioterapia no tratamento das lesões esportivas. São Paulo, Brazil: Manole; 2000:225-38.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mac Auley DC. Ice therapy: how good is the evidence? Int J Sports Med 2001;22:379–84.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mac Auley DC. Ice therapy: how good is the evidence? Int J Sports Med 2001;22:379–84.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mocan A, Kisnisci R, Üçok C. Stereophotogrammetric and clinical evaluation of morbidity after removal of lower third molars by two different surgical techniques. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1996;54:171–5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mocan A, Kisnisci R, Üçok C. Stereophotogrammetric and clinical evaluation of morbidity after removal of lower third molars by two different surgical techniques. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1996;54:171–5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nelli EA, Silva JR, Pacheco G. Fisioterapia pós-correção cirúrgica da anquilose temporo-mandibular. Rev Brasileira de Medicina 2000;57:121–3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nelli EA, Silva JR, Pacheco G. Fisioterapia pós-correção cirúrgica da anquilose temporo-mandibular. Rev Brasileira de Medicina 2000;57:121–3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Neupert EA 3rd, Lee JW, Philput CB, Gordon JR. Evaluation of dexamethasone for reduction of postsurgical sequelae of third molar removal. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1992;50:1177–83.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Neupert EA 3rd, Lee JW, Philput CB, Gordon JR. Evaluation of dexamethasone for reduction of postsurgical sequelae of third molar removal. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1992;50:1177–83.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Savin J, Ogden GR. Third molar surgery: a preliminary report on aspects affecting quality of life in the early postoperative period. Br J Maxillofac Surg 1997;35:246–53.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Savin J, Ogden GR. Third molar surgery: a preliminary report on aspects affecting quality of life in the early postoperative period. Br J Maxillofac Surg 1997;35:246–53.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schultze-Mosgau S, Schmelzeisen R, Frölich JC, Schmele H. Use of ibuprofen and methylprednisolone for prevention of pain and swelling after removal of impacted third molars. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1995;53:2-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schultze-Mosgau S, Schmelzeisen R, Frölich JC, Schmele H. Use of ibuprofen and methylprednisolone for prevention of pain and swelling after removal of impacted third molars. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1995;53:2-7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Curl WW, Smith BP, Marr A, Rosencrance E, Holden M, Smith TL. The effect of contusion and cryotherapy on skeletal muscle microcirculation. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 1997;37:279-86.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Curl WW, Smith BP, Marr A, Rosencrance E, Holden M, Smith TL. The effect of contusion and cryotherapy on skeletal muscle microcirculation. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 1997;37:279-86.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Enwemeka CS, Allen C, Avila P, Bina J, Konrade J, Munns S. Soft tissue thermodynamics before, during and after cold pack therapy. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2002;34:45-50.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Enwemeka CS, Allen C, Avila P, Bina J, Konrade J, Munns S. Soft tissue thermodynamics before, during and after cold pack therapy. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2002;34:45-50.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gabka J, Matsumura T. Measuring techniques and clinical testing of an anti-inflammatory agent (in German). Munch Med Wochenschr 1971;113:198–203.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gabka J, Matsumura T. Measuring techniques and clinical testing of an anti-inflammatory agent (in German). Munch Med Wochenschr 1971;113:198–203.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sisk AL, Hammer WB, Shelton DW, Joy ED Jr. Complications following removal of impacted third molars: the role of the experience of the surgeon. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1986;44:855-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sisk AL, Hammer WB, Shelton DW, Joy ED Jr. Complications following removal of impacted third molars: the role of the experience of the surgeon. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1986;44:855-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Souza JA, Consone DP. Método para medida do edema facial em pós operatório de cirurgias bucais. RGO 1992;40:137-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Souza JA, Consone DP. Método para medida do edema facial em pós operatório de cirurgias bucais. RGO 1992;40:137-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Suarez-Cunqueiro MM, Gutwald R, Reichman J, Otero-Cepeda XL, Schmelzeisen R. Marginal flap versus paramarginal flap in impacted third molar surgery: a prospective study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Radiol Endod 2003;95:403-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Suarez-Cunqueiro MM, Gutwald R, Reichman J, Otero-Cepeda XL, Schmelzeisen R. Marginal flap versus paramarginal flap in impacted third molar surgery: a prospective study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Radiol Endod 2003;95:403-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thermann H, Krettek C, Hufner T, Schratt HE, Albrecht K, Tscherne H. Management of calcaneal fractures in adults: conservative versus operative treatment. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1998;353:107-24.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thermann H, Krettek C, Hufner T, Schratt HE, Albrecht K, Tscherne H. Management of calcaneal fractures in adults: conservative versus operative treatment. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1998;353:107-24.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">de Santana-Santos T, de Souza-Santos A-A-S, Martins-Filho P-R-S, da Silva L-C-F, de Oliveira E Silva E-D, Gomes A-C-A. Prediction of postoperative facial swelling, pain and trismus following third molar surgery based on preoperative variables. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2013; 18(1):e65-e70.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">de Santana-Santos T, de Souza-Santos A-A-S, Martins-Filho P-R-S, da Silva L-C-F, de Oliveira E Silva E-D, Gomes A-C-A. Prediction of postoperative facial swelling, pain and trismus following third molar surgery based on preoperative variables. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2013; 18(1):e65-e70.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McGrath C, Comfort MB, Lo ECM, Luo Y. Changes in life quality following third molar surgery: the immediate postoperative period. Br Dent J. 2003; 194(5):265–268.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McGrath C, Comfort MB, Lo ECM, Luo Y. Changes in life quality following third molar surgery: the immediate postoperative period. Br Dent J. 2003; 194(5):265–268.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grossi GB, Maiorana C, Garramone RA, et al. Effect of submucosal injection of dexamethasone on postoperative discomfort after third molar surgery: a prospective study. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2007;65(11):2218–2226.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grossi GB, Maiorana C, Garramone RA, et al. Effect of submucosal injection of dexamethasone on postoperative discomfort after third molar surgery: a prospective study. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2007;65(11):2218–2226.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Al-Khateeb TH, Nusair Y. Effect of the proteolytic enzyme serrapeptase on swelling, pain and trismus after surgical extraction of mandibular third molars. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2008;37(3):264–268.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Al-Khateeb TH, Nusair Y. Effect of the proteolytic enzyme serrapeptase on swelling, pain and trismus after surgical extraction of mandibular third molars. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2008;37(3):264–268.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Singh T, More V, Fatima U, Karpe T, Aleem MA, Prameela J. Effect of proteolytic enzyme bromelain on pain and swelling after removal of third molars. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2016;6(suppl 3):S197–S204.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Singh T, More V, Fatima U, Karpe T, Aleem MA, Prameela J. Effect of proteolytic enzyme bromelain on pain and swelling after removal of third molars. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2016;6(suppl 3):S197–S204.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cerqueira PRF, Vasconcelos BC do E, BessaNogueira RV. Comparative study of the effect of a tube drain in impacted lower third molar surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2004;62(1):57–61.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cerqueira PRF, Vasconcelos BC do E, BessaNogueira RV. Comparative study of the effect of a tube drain in impacted lower third molar surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2004;62(1):57–61.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Koyuncu BÖ, Zeytinoglu M, Tetik A, Gomel MM. Effect of tube drainage compared with conventional suturing on postoperative discomfort after extraction of impacted mandibular third molars. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2015;53(1):63–67.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Koyuncu BÖ, Zeytinoglu M, Tetik A, Gomel MM. Effect of tube drainage compared with conventional suturing on postoperative discomfort after extraction of impacted mandibular third molars. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2015;53(1):63–67.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ferrante M, Petrini M, Trentini P, Perfetti G, Spoto G. Effect of low-level laser therapy after extraction of impacted lower third molars. Lasers Med Sci. 2013; 28(3):845–849.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ferrante M, Petrini M, Trentini P, Perfetti G, Spoto G. Effect of low-level laser therapy after extraction of impacted lower third molars. Lasers Med Sci. 2013; 28(3):845–849.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Buyukkurt MC, Gungormus M, Kaya O. The effect of a single dose prednisolone with and without diclofenac on pain, trismus, and swelling after removal of mandibular third molars. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2006;64(12):1761–1766.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Buyukkurt MC, Gungormus M, Kaya O. The effect of a single dose prednisolone with and without diclofenac on pain, trismus, and swelling after removal of mandibular third molars. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2006;64(12):1761–1766.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zerener T, Aydintug YS, Sencimen M, et al. Clinical comparison of submucosal injection of dexamethasone and triamcinolone acetonide on postoperative discomfort after third molar surgery. Quintessence Int. 2015;46(4): 317–326.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zerener T, Aydintug YS, Sencimen M, et al. Clinical comparison of submucosal injection of dexamethasone and triamcinolone acetonide on postoperative discomfort after third molar surgery. Quintessence Int. 2015;46(4): 317–326.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Atkinson HC, Currie J, Moodie J, et al. Combination paracetamol and ibuprofen for pain relief after oral surgery: a dose ranging study. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2015; 71(5):579–587.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Atkinson HC, Currie J, Moodie J, et al. Combination paracetamol and ibuprofen for pain relief after oral surgery: a dose ranging study. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2015; 71(5):579–587.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Majid OW, Mahmood WK. Effect of submucosal and intramuscular dexamethasone on postoperative sequelae after third molar surgery: comparative study. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2011;49(8):647–652.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Majid OW, Mahmood WK. Effect of submucosal and intramuscular dexamethasone on postoperative sequelae after third molar surgery: comparative study. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2011;49(8):647–652.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bamgbose BO, Akinwande JA, Adeyemo WL, Ladeinde AL, Arotiba GT, Ogunlewe MO. Prospective, randomized, open-label, pilot clinical trial comparing the effects of dexamethasone coadministered with diclofenac potassium or acetaminophen and diclofenac potassium monotherapy after third-molar extraction in adults. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. 2006;67(4):229–240.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bamgbose BO, Akinwande JA, Adeyemo WL, Ladeinde AL, Arotiba GT, Ogunlewe MO. Prospective, randomized, open-label, pilot clinical trial comparing the effects of dexamethasone coadministered with diclofenac potassium or acetaminophen and diclofenac potassium monotherapy after third-molar extraction in adults. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. 2006;67(4):229–240.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kearney PM, Baigent C, Godwin J, et al. Do selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors and traditional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs increase the risk of atherothrombosis? Meta-analysis of randomised trials. BMJ. 2006;332(7553):1302–1308.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kearney PM, Baigent C, Godwin J, et al. Do selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors and traditional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs increase the risk of atherothrombosis? Meta-analysis of randomised trials. BMJ. 2006;332(7553):1302–1308.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baigent C, Bhala N, Emberson J, et al. Vascular and upper gastrointestinal effects of non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs: meta-analyses of individual participant data from randomised trials. Lancet. 2013;382(9894): 769–779.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baigent C, Bhala N, Emberson J, et al. Vascular and upper gastrointestinal effects of non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs: meta-analyses of individual participant data from randomised trials. Lancet. 2013;382(9894): 769–779.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Forouzanfar T, Sabelis A, Ausems S, Baart JA, van der Waal I. Effect of ice compression on pain after mandibular third molar surgery: a single-blind, randomized controlled trial. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2008;37(9): 824–830.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Forouzanfar T, Sabelis A, Ausems S, Baart JA, van der Waal I. Effect of ice compression on pain after mandibular third molar surgery: a single-blind, randomized controlled trial. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2008;37(9): 824–830.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ibikunle AA, Adeyemo WL. Oral health-related quality of life following third molar surgery with or without application of ice pack therapy. Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2016;20(3):239–247.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ibikunle AA, Adeyemo WL. Oral health-related quality of life following third molar surgery with or without application of ice pack therapy. Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2016;20(3):239–247.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Laureano Filho JR, de Oliveira e Silva ED, Batista CI, Gouveia FM. The influence of cryotherapy on reduction of swelling, pain and trismus after third-molar extraction: a preliminary study. JADA. 2005;136(6): 774–778.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Laureano Filho JR, de Oliveira e Silva ED, Batista CI, Gouveia FM. The influence of cryotherapy on reduction of swelling, pain and trismus after third-molar extraction: a preliminary study. JADA. 2005;136(6): 774–778.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nadler SF, Weingand K, Kruse RJ. The physiologic basis and clinical applications of cryotherapy and thermotherapy for the pain practitioner. Pain Physician. 2004;7(3):395–399.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nadler SF, Weingand K, Kruse RJ. The physiologic basis and clinical applications of cryotherapy and thermotherapy for the pain practitioner. Pain Physician. 2004;7(3):395–399.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Greenstein G. Therapeutic efficacy of cold therapy after intraoral surgical procedures: a literature review. J Periodontol. 2007;78(5):790–800.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Greenstein G. Therapeutic efficacy of cold therapy after intraoral surgical procedures: a literature review. J Periodontol. 2007;78(5):790–800.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гусейнов Н.А., Хаммори М.Х., Мураев А.А., Иванов С.Ю., Лежава Н.Л., Лукьянова Е.А., Золотаев К.Е. Влияние локальной контролируемой гипотермии на течение послеоперационного периода при удалении дистопированных зубов мудрости. Медицинский алфавит. 2022;(22):50-54. https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2022-22-50-54.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guseynov N.A., Hammouri M.H., Muraev A.A., Ivanov S.Y., Lezhava N.L., Lukyanova E.A., Zolotaev K.E. The influence of local controlled hypothermia on the postoperative period in the removal of wisdom teeth. Medical alphabet. 2022;(22):50-54. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2022-22-50-54.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Algafly AA, George KP. The effect of cryotherapy on nerve conduction velocity, pain threshold and pain tolerance. Br J Sports Med. 2007;41(6):365–369.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Algafly AA, George KP. The effect of cryotherapy on nerve conduction velocity, pain threshold and pain tolerance. Br J Sports Med. 2007;41(6):365–369.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Deal DN, Tipton J, Rosencrance E, Curl WW, Smith TL. Ice reduces edema: a study of microvascular permeability in rats. J Bone Jt Surg. 2002;84-A(9):1573–1578.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Deal DN, Tipton J, Rosencrance E, Curl WW, Smith TL. Ice reduces edema: a study of microvascular permeability in rats. J Bone Jt Surg. 2002;84-A(9):1573–1578.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Block JE. Cold and compression in the management of musculoskeletal injuries and orthopedic operative procedures: a narrative review. Open Access J Sport Med. 2010;1:105–113</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Block JE. Cold and compression in the management of musculoskeletal injuries and orthopedic operative procedures: a narrative review. Open Access J Sport Med. 2010;1:105–113</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
