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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medalphabet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский алфавит</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical alphabet</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-5631</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Альфмед»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33667/2078-5631-2023-3-30-36</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medalphabet-3042</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль фактора эндометрия в повторных неудачах имплантации (обзор литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The role of endometrial factor in recurrent implantation failure (literature review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8991-1369</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Подзолкова</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Podzolkova</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Подзолкова Наталия Михайловна, д.м.н., проф., зав. кафедрой акушерства и гинекологии педиатрического факультета </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Podzolkova Natalia M., DM Sci (habil.), professor of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Pediatric Faculty. </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">podzolkova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0771-6090</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шамугия</surname><given-names>Н. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shamugia</surname><given-names>N. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Шамугия Нато Ливтеровна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры акушерства и гинекологии педиатрического факультета </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Shamugia Nato L., PhD Med, associate professor of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Pediatric Faculty. </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doctor.nls@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4340-3953</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Варлакова</surname><given-names>П. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Varlakova</surname><given-names>P. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Варлакова Полина Михайловна, клинический ординатор кафедры акушерства и гинекологии педиатрического факультета </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Varlakova Polina M., resident of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Pediatric Faculty, resident at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pediatric Faculty. </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">varlakova24@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>‘Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education’ of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title>Современная гинекология (1)</issue-title><fpage>30</fpage><lpage>36</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Подзолкова Н.М., Шамугия Н.Л., Варлакова П.М., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Подзолкова Н.М., Шамугия Н.Л., Варлакова П.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Podzolkova N.M., Shamugia N.L., Varlakova P.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/3042">https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/3042</self-uri><abstract><p>За последние 30 лет вспомогательные репродуктивные технологи (ВРТ) получили значительное развитие, несмотря на это, далеко не каждая женщина получает долгожданную беременность с первой попытки экстракорпорального оплодотворения (ЭКО). Для успешной имплантации эмбриона важно не только качество гамет, но и готовность эндометрия к нидации. Нарушение благоприятного состава микробиома в матке может препятствовать необходимым физиологическим изменениям эндометрия в динамике менструального цикла, снижая показатели успешности программ ВРТ. Несоответствие структуры эндометрия этапу развития эмбриона приводит к смещению окна имплантации, что в совокупности с изменением микробиома матки является одной из причин повторных неудач имплантации (ПНИ). В последние годы для повышения эффективности программ ВРТ все больше внимания уделяют изучению и подготовке эндометрия к переносу эмбриона. Высокопроизводительное секвенирование и анализ вариабельных участков гена 16S рибосомальной РНК является быстрым и доступным диагностическим инструментом, который позволяет идентифицировать культивируемые и некультивируемые микроорганизмы. Дискуссионный вопрос о необходимости лечения хронического эндометрита (ХЭ) становится более актуальным при учете распространенности ХЭ (21% среди ПНИ). Применение секвенирования пула матричных РНК из клеток образца ткани эндометрия (RNA-seq) как дополнительного метода диагностики причин ПНИ может помочь провести персонализированный перенос эмбриона, тем самым повысить шансы успешной имплантации. ПНИ эндометриального происхождения – сложная проблема современной репродуктологии. На данный момент консенсус в отношении роли перечисленных эндометриальных факторов ПНИ отсутствует. Рецептивный эндометрий является одним из определяющих факторов успешной имплантации. Но опубликованных исследований недостаточно для того, чтобы аргументированно рекомендовать широкое применение методов диагностики и лечения таких факторов эндометрия, как изменение микробиома матки и смещение окна имплантации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Over the past 30 years, assisted reproductive technologies (ART) have developed signifcantly, despite this, not every woman gets a long-awaited pregnancy on her frst attempt at in vitro fertilization (IVF). Not only the quality of gametes is important for successful embryo implantation, but also the readiness of the endometrium for nidation. Dysbiosis of the uterine microbiome can interfere with the necessary physiological changes of the endometrium in the dynamics of the menstrual cycle, reducing the success rate of ART programs. Endometrial structure mismatch with embryonic development leads to an implantation window shift, which together with uterine microbiome changes is one of the causes of recurrent implantation failures (RIF). In recent years, to improve the effectiveness of ART programs, increasing attention has been paid to the study and preparation of the endometrium for embryo transfer. High-throughput sequencing and analysis of the variable regions of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene is a rapid and affordable diagnostic tool that allows identifcation of culturable and non-culturable microorganisms. The debate about the need for treatment of chronic endometritis (CE), becomes more relevant when considering the prevalence of CE (21% among RIFs). The use of matrix RNA sequencing from endometrial tissue sample cells (RNA-seq) as an additional diagnostic method for RIF causes can help in personalized embryo transfer. This can increase the chances of successful implantation. RIF of endometrial origin is a complex problem of modern reproductive medicine. Currently, there is no consensus on the role of the listed endometrial factors of RIF. Receptive endometrium is one of the determinants of successful implantation. However published studies are insuffcient to reasonably recommend the wide application of methods for diagnosis and treatment of such endometrial factors as uterine microbiome changes and implantation window displacement.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>неудачи имплантации</kwd><kwd>микробиом матки</kwd><kwd>рецептивность эндометрия</kwd><kwd>окно имплантации</kwd><kwd>хронический эндометрит</kwd><kwd>неудачи ЭКО.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>recurrent implantation failure</kwd><kwd>uterine microbiome</kwd><kwd>endometrial receptivity</kwd><kwd>window of implantation</kwd><kwd>chronic endometritis</kwd><kwd>IVF failure</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ruiz-Alonso M., Valbuena D., Gomez C., Cuzzi J., Simon C. Endometrial Receptivity Analysis (ERA): data versus opinions. Hum. Reprod. 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