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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medalphabet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский алфавит</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical alphabet</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-5631</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Альфмед»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33667/2078-5631-2022-20-48-51</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medalphabet-2805</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СОВРЕМЕННАЯ ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНАЯ ДИАГНОСТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MODERN FUNCTIONAL DIAGNOSTICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ультразвуковое исследование периферических нервов у пациентов с боковым амиотрофическим склерозом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Peripheral nerve ultrasound in ALS patients</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1004-992X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дружинина</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Druzhinina</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дружинина Евгения Сергеевна, к. м. н. доцент кафедры неврологии, нейрохирургии и медицинской генетики имени академика Л. О. Бадаляна педиатрического факультета</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Neurology</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6244-0867</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дружинин</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Druzhinin</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дружинин Дмитрий Сергеевич, д. м. н. ассистент кафедры нервных болезней с медицинской генетикой и нейрохирургией</p><p>Ярославль</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Nervous System Diseases with Course of MedicalGenetics and Pediatric Neurology</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н. И. Пирогова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics Pediatric Faculty «Russian National Research Medical University. N. I. Pirogov»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Ярославский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yaroslavl State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>20</issue><issue-title>Современная функциональная диагностика (3)</issue-title><fpage>48</fpage><lpage>51</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дружинина Е.С., Дружинин Д.С., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дружинина Е.С., Дружинин Д.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Druzhinina E.S., Druzhinin D.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/2805">https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/2805</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. УЗИ периферических нервов помогает в дифференциальном диагнозе бокового амиотрофического склероза (БАС) и курабельных заболеваний, имеющих схожую клиническую картину. Так при БАС площадь поперечного сечения (ППС) нервов рук и спинномозговых нервов не меняется или даже уменьшается в сравнении со здоровыми, тогда как при клинически схожем состоянии – мультифокальной моторной нейропатии (ММН) ППС нервов увеличивается и имеет характерный УЗ-паттерн изменений в виде увеличения ППС в проксимальных отделах нервов рук и спинномозговых нервов плечевого сплетения.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Сравнить ППС нервов рук и спинномозговых нервов плечевого сплетения у здоровых и у пациентов с БАС и ММН.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведено УЗИ периферических нервов рук и спинномозговых нервов с 2-х сторон у 31 пациента с БАС и 25 пациентов с ММН. В контрольную группу вошли 92 здоровых не имеющие заболеваний нервной системы, а также состояний, потенциально вызывающих поражение периферической нервной системы. Исследование проводилось на ультразвуковом сканере «Sonoscape S20» (Китай) линейным датчиком 8–15 МГц.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Средние значения ППС нервов рук и спинномозговых нервов плечевого сплетения у пациентов с БАС и в группе контроля в основном не отличались. Однако отмечалось увеличение ППС срединного нерва на уровне плеча слева на 23 %, лучевого нерва справа – на 24 %, а также локтевого нерва слева на уровне запястья на 33 % в группе БАС по сравнению с контрольной группой. ППС нервов у пациентов с ММН была достоверно больше, чем у пациентов с БАС и по сравнению с контрольной группой. При этом увеличение нервных стволов наблюдалась в проксимальных отделах нервов рук и спинномозговых нервов плечевого сплетения с 2-х сторон.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Ультразвуковое исследование периферических нервов является надежным инструментом дифференциальной диагностики состояний, имитирующих БАС, и может широко использоваться в рутинной клинической практике.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Peripheral nerve ultrasound helps in the differential diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and treatable diseases with a similar clinic. The cross–sectional area (CSA) values of the nerves of the hands and spinal nerves in ALS is normal or even reduced in comparison with control. The CSA of the nerves in a clinically similar condition – multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) increases and has a characteristic ultrasound pattern of changes in the form of an increase in CSA in the proximal parts of the nerves of the hands and spinal nerves of the brachial plexuses.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Cervical root and peripheral nerve CSA on both sides was performed in 31 patients with ALS and 25 patients with MMN, using a 8–15 MHz linear array probe (ultrasound scanner «Sonoscape S20» (China). The control group included 92 healthy people without diseases of the nervous system, as well as conditions potentially causing damage to the peripheral nervous system.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The average values of the CSA of cervical roots and peripheral nerves in the upper limb in ALS patients were normal. However, there was an increase in the CSA of the median nerve at the shoulder level on the left by 23 %, the radial nerve on the right by 24 %, and the ulnar nerve on the left at the wrist level by 33 % in the ALS group compared with the control group. The CSA of nerves in MMN patients was significantly higher than in ALS and compared with the control group. In MMN nerve trunks increase was observed in the proximal parts of the nerves in the upper limb and cervical roots on both sides.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Peripheral nerve ultrasound is a reliable tool for differential diagnosis ALS and ALS mimics. It can be widely used in routine clinical practice.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ультразвуковое исследование периферических нервов</kwd><kwd>площадь поперечного сечения</kwd><kwd>боковой амиотрофический склероз</kwd><kwd>мультифокальная моторная нейропатия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Peripheral nerve ultrasound</kwd><kwd>cross-sectional area</kwd><kwd>amyotrophic lateral sclerosis</kwd><kwd>multifocal motor neuropathy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brooks BR, Miller RG, Swash M, Munsat TL; World Federation of Neurology Research Group on Motor Neuron Diseases. El Escorial revisited: revised criteria for the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Other Motor Neuron Disord. 2000 Dec;1(5):293–9. doi: 10.1080/146608200300079536. 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