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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medalphabet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский алфавит</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical alphabet</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-5631</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Альфмед»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33667/2078-5631-2022-18-35-40</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medalphabet-2762</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Мультимодальный подход в алгоритме инструментального обследования больных с метаболическим синдромом и сахарным диабетом II типа</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Multimodal approach in algorithm of instrumental examination of patients with metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8820-7713</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горбатенко</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorbatenko</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Горбатенко Ольга Александровна, аспирант</p><p> г. Смоленск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Gorbatenko Olga A., post-graduate student </p><p>Smolensk </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o.gorbatenkon@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5497-1476</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Венидиктова</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Venidiktova</surname><given-names>D. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>  Венидиктова Дарья Юрьевна, м.н.с.</p><p>г. Смоленск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Venidiktova Daria Yu., junior scientist at Fundamental Research Laboratory ‘Diagnostic researches and minimally invasive technologies </p><p>Smolensk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">92darv@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4047-7252</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борсуков</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borsukov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Борсуков Алексей Васильевич, д.м.н., проф., директор</p><p> г. Смоленск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Borsukov Alexey V., DM Sci (habil.), professor, head of Fundamental Research Laboratory ‘Diagnostic researches and minimally invasive technologies </p><p>Smolensk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bor55@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Проблемная научно-исследовательская лаборатория «Диагностические исследования и малоинвазивные технологии» ФГБОУ ВО «Смоленский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Smolensk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>18</issue><issue-title>Практическая гастроэнтерология (2)</issue-title><fpage>35</fpage><lpage>40</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Горбатенко О.А., Венидиктова Д.Ю., Борсуков А.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Горбатенко О.А., Венидиктова Д.Ю., Борсуков А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gorbatenko O.A., Venidiktova D.Y., Borsukov A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/2762">https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/2762</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. В настоящее время метаболический синдром (МС) встречается у 20–30 % населения. Основной возраст больных составляет 20–65 лет. Изучение данного синдрома генетически детерминировано, что указывает на генетическую обусловленность инсулинорезистентности. Полученные факты позволили рассматривать МС как принцип первичной профилактики СД II типа и его осложнений. МС поражает такие жизненно важные органы, как почки, поджелудочная железа, печень и т.д. Поскольку тема развития ХБП у пациентов с метаболическим синдромом остроактуальна, необходима качественная диагностика данного осложнения.На сегодняшний день таким методом является неионизирующее контраст-усиленное ультразвуковое исследование, которое не является нефро- и гепатотоксичным и может применяться у пациентов со сниженной функцией почек.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценка эффективности мультимодального подхода в алгоритме инструментальной диагностики обследования больных с метаболическим синдромом на фоне сахарного диабета II типа.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В 2020–2022 гг. было проведено исследование пациентов с метаболическим синдромом (n = 240). При сборе и анализе клинико-лабораторных данных у (n = 67) обнаружена метаболически ассоциированная жировая болезнь печени: из них 22 (32,8%) женщины, 45 (67,2%) мужчин, средний возраст – 51,0 ± 4,2 года. Все пациенты были обследованы по единому диагностическому алгоритму, включавшему в себя четыре этапа. Первый этап: осмотр пациентов специалистами, включая клинико-лабораторные данные, с постановлением заключения (n = 67). Второй этап: УЗИ печени с проведением количественной ультразвуковой стеатометрии с определением уровня коэффициента затухания ультразвуковой волны (n = 67). Третий этап: проведение двухэнергетической рентгеновской абсорбциометрии (ДРА) в режиме «Все тело» (n = 67). Четвертый этап: пациентам с СД II типа проводилось мультипараметрическое УЗИ почек в В-режиме и режиме цветового доплеровского картирования (ЦДК) (n = 52). Пациентам с СД II типа со скоростью клубочковой фильтрации ≤ 59 мл/мин проводился дополнительный, пятый этап: контраст-усиленное ультразвуковое исследование почек для диагностики почечной перфузии (n =14). Критерии включения в исследование – возраст старше 18 лет, наличие метаболического синдрома.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. 1. В алгоритм обследования пациентов с метаболически ассоциированной жировой болезнью печени может быть включено расширенное ультразвуковое исследование почек, в том числе контраст-усиленное ультразвуковое исследование почек как безопасный и эффективный метод оценки хронической болезни почек. 2. Двуэнергетическая рентгеновская абсорбциометрия в режиме «Все тело» – высокочувствительный метод в определении и мониторинге компонентов метаболического синдрома. 3. Мультимодальное инструментальное исследование пациентов с метаболическим синдромом и сахарным диабетом II типа позволяет на ранних стадиях выявлять возможные осложнения.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Currently, metabolic syndrome (MS) occurs in 20–30% of the population. The main age of patients is 20–65 years. The study of this syndrome is genetically determined, which indicates that insulin resistance is genetically determined. The obtained facts allowed us to consider MS as the principle of primary prevention of type 2 diabetes and its complications. MTS affects such vital organs as kidneys, pancreas, etc. Since the topic of the development of CKD in patients with metabolic syndrome is acute, a qualitative diagnosis of this complication is necessary. To date, such a method is non-ionizing contrast-enhanced ultrasound, which is not nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic and can be used in patients with reduced renal function.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the multimodal approach in the algorithm of instrumental diagnostics of examination of patients with metabolic syndrome on the background of type 2 diabetes mellitus.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A study of patients with metabolic syndrome (n = 240) was conducted in 2020–2022. When collecting and analyzing clinical and laboratory data, (n = 67) had metabolically associated fatty liver disease: 22 of them were women (32.8%), 45 men (67.2%), average age 51.0 ± 4.2. All patients were examined according to a single diagnostic algorithm, which included four stages. Stage 1. Examination of patients by specialists, including clinical and laboratory data, with the resolution of the conclusion (n = 67). Stage 2. Ultrasound of the liver with quantitative ultrasound steatometry with determination of the level of the attenuation coeffcient of the ultrasonic wave (n = 67). Stage 3. Conducting dualenergy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in the ‘Whole body’ mode (with an assessment of the percentage of adipose tissue, abdominal obesity index) (n = 67). Stage 4. Conducting multiparametric ultrasound of the kidneys in B-mode and colour Doppler mapping (CDC) mode in patients with CKD, followed by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (n = 14). The criteria for inclusion in the study are age over 18 years, metabolic syndrome.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. 1. The algorithm of examination of patients with metabolically associated fatty liver disease may include extended ultrasound examination of the kidneys, including contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination of the kidneys as a safe and effective method of assessing chronic kidney disease. 2. Two-energy X-ray absorptiometry in the ‘Whole body’ mode is a highly sensitive method in determining and monitoring the components of the metabolic syndrome. 3. A multimodal instrumental study of patients with metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus makes it possible to identify possible complications at an early stage.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>метаболический синдром</kwd><kwd>метаболически ассоциированная жировая болезнь печени</kwd><kwd>стеатоз печени</kwd><kwd>сахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>хроническая болезнь почек</kwd><kwd>контраст-усиленное ультразвуковое исследование почек.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>metabolic syndrome</kwd><kwd>metabolically associated fatty liver disease</kwd><kwd>liver steatosis</kwd><kwd>diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>chronic kidney disease</kwd><kwd>contrastenhanced ultrasound examination of the kidneys</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mancia G., Bombelli M., Corrao G., Facchetti R., Madotto F., Giannattasio C., Trevano F.Q., Grassi G., Zanchetti A., Sega R. 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