medalphabetМедицинский алфавитMedical alphabet2078-56312949-2807ООО «Альфмед»10.33667/2078-5631-2022-16-29-39medalphabet-2729Research ArticleСтатьиВлияние различных моделей питания на изменение микробиоты кишечника и массы тела человекаThe influence of different dietary patterns on changes in the intestinal microbiota and human body weighthttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3220-0333НикитинаЕ. А.NikitinaE. A.

Никитина Елена Александровна, к. м. н., доцент кафедры диетологии и клинической нутрициологии

Москва

Nikitina Elena A., PhD Med, assistant professor at Dept of Dietetics and Clinical Nutritiology

Moscow

nikitina-ea1@rudn.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4689-3591ОрловаС. В.OrlovaS. V.

Орлова Светлана Владимировна, д. м. н., проф., зав. кафедрой диетологии и клинической нутрициологии

Москва

Orlova Svetlana V., DM Sci (habil.), professor, head of Dept of Dietetics and Clinical Nutritiology

Moscow

orlova-sv@rudn.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4099-2967ПодопригораИ. В.PodoprigoraI. V.

Подопригора Ирина Валерьевна, к. м. н., доцент, зав. кафедрой микробиологии им. В. С. Киктенко медицинского факультета

Москва

Podoprigora Irina V., Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head. Department of Microbiology V. S. Kiktenko of the Medical Faculty

Moscow

podoprigora-iv@rudn.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3738-3792ГрибакинС. Г.GribakinS. G.

Грибакин Сергей Германович, д. м. н., профессор кафедры диетологии и нутрициологии

Москва

Gribakin Sergey G., DM Sci (habil.), professor of the Department of Dietology and Nutrition

Moscow

serg.gribakin2016@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4214-606XВолковаЛ. В.VolkovaL. V.

Волкова Людмила Юрьевна, к. м.н, ст. преподаватель отдела организационно-методического управления и анализа качества медицинской помощи

Москва

Volkova Lyudmila Yu., PhD Med, senior lecturer of Dept of Organizational and Methodological Management and Analysis of the Quality of Medical Care

Moscow

lvolkova2912@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4749-731XПигареваЮ. А.PigarevaYu. A.

Пигарева Юлия Анатольевна, к. м. н., зав. отделением клинической диетологии

Москва

Pigareva Yulia A., PhD Med, head of Dept of Clinical Dietetics

Moscow

1092153068@rudn.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7637-9879ДасМ. С.DasM. S.

Дас Милана Сергеевна, ассистент кафедры микробиологии им. В. С. Киктенко медицинского факультета

Москва

Das Milana S., assistant of the Department of Microbiology V. S. Kiktenko of the Medical Faculty

Moscow

Milanadas@yandex.ruФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов»РоссияPeoples’ Friendship University of RussiaRussian FederationФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава РоссииРоссияFGBOU DPO «Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education» of the Ministry of Health of RussiaRussian FederationФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины» Минздрава РоссииРоссияNational Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Health RussiaRussian FederationГБУЗ «Городская клиническая больница имени В. В. Виноградова Департамента здравоохранения Москвы»РоссияCity Clinical Hospital n. a. V. V. VinogradovRussian Federation202201092022016Диетология и нутрициология (1)2939Copyright © Никитина Е.А., Орлова С.В., Подопригора И.В., Грибакин С.Г., Волкова Л.В., Пигарева Ю.А., Дас М.С., 20222022Никитина Е.А., Орлова С.В., Подопригора И.В., Грибакин С.Г., Волкова Л.В., Пигарева Ю.А., Дас М.С.Nikitina E.A., Orlova S.V., Podoprigora I.V., Gribakin S.G., Volkova L.V., Pigareva Y.A., Das M.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/2729

Микробиом кишечника человека динамично реагирует на изменение рациона питания, способствуя разнообразию пищевого образа жизни человека. Состав диеты также может влиять на продукты метаболизма, которые в конечном итоге присутствуют в просвете кишечника и плазме. Наблюдения за людьми с веганской, всеядной или синтетической диетой для энтерального питания с недостатком клетчатки продемонстрировали резкий дисбаланс микробиома кишечника, что сопровождается изменением бактериальных метаболитов углеводного и аминокислотного происхождения. Установлено, что диета играет доминирующую роль в формировании межиндивидуальных вариаций в ассоциированных с хозяином микробных сообществах. Учитывая влияние микробного сообщества на здоровье человека и его многочисленные механизмы действия, установление влияния различных пищевых подходов и моделей имеет решающее значение.

The human gut microbiome responds dynamically to changes in diet, contributing to the diversity of the human diet. The composition of the diet can also influence the metabolic products that are ultimately present in the intestinal lumen and plasma. Observations in humans on vegan, omnivorous, or synthetic enteral diets deficient in fiber have demonstrated dramatic imbalances in the gut microbiome, accompanied by changes in carbohydrate and amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites. It has been established that diet plays a dominant role in the formation of interindividual variations in host-associated microbial communities. Given the impact of the microbial community on human health and its multiple mechanisms of action, establishing the impact of different dietary approaches and models is critical.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.