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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medalphabet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский алфавит</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical alphabet</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-5631</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Альфмед»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33667/2078-5631-2021-37-20-24</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medalphabet-2409</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>УРОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>UROLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Тактика лечения новой подгруппы НЭО Grade 3 в первой линии терапии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Treatment tactics of new NET G3 subgroup in first line of therapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5574-9970</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евдокимова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evdokimova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евдокимова Екатерина Вадимовна, аспирант отделения лекарственных методов лечения (химиотерапевтического) № 1</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evdokimova Ekaterina V., post-graduate student of Medicinal Methods of Treatment (Chemotherapy) No. 1 Dept</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ekaterinagalinovna@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7728-9533</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Артамонова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Artamonova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Артамонова Елена Владимировна, д. м. н., проф. кафедры онкологии и лучевой терапии;  зав. отделением лекарственных методов лечения (химиотерапевтическим) № 11</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artamonova Elena V., DM Sci (habil.), professor at Oncology and Radiotherapy Dept, head of Medicinal Methods of Treatment (Chemotherapy) No. 1 Dept</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4550-2069</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Делекторская</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Delectorskaya</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Делекторская Вера Владимировна, д. м. н., зав. отделом морфологической и молекулярно-генетической диагностики опухолей</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Delektorskaya Vera V., DM Sci (habil.), head of Morphological and Molecular-Genetic Diagnostics Dept</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0019-3765</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чемерис</surname><given-names>Г. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chemeris</surname><given-names>G. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чемерис Галина Юрьевна, к. б. н., с. н. с. отдела морфологической и молекулярно-генетической диагностики опухолей</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chemeris Galina Y., PhD Bio Sci, senior researcher at Morphological and Molecular-Genetic Diagnostics Dept</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2017-6324</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Емельянова</surname><given-names>Г. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Emelyanova</surname><given-names>G. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Емельянова Галина Сергеевна, к. м. н., доцент кафедры ФПДО</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Emelyanova Galina S., PhD Med, associate professor at Oncology Dept of Faculty of Continuing Professional Education</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2981-7666</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Багрова</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bagrova</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Багрова Светлана Геннадьевна, к. м. н., н. с. отделения лекарственных методов лечения (химиотерапевтического) № 11</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bagrova Svetlana G., PhD Med, researcher at Medicinal Methods of Treatment (Chemotherapy) No. 1 Dept</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5548-1724</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маркович</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Markovich</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Маркович Алла Анатольевна, к. м. н., с. н. с. научно-консультативного отделения</p><p>Москва</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Markovich Alla A., PhD Med, senior researcher at Scientific Advisory Dept</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии имени Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Centre of Oncology n. a. N. N. Blokhin</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии имени Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России; ФГAOУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени И. И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Centre of Oncology n. a. N. N. Blokhin; Russian National Research Medical University n. a. N. I. Pirogov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет имени А. И. Евдокимова» Минздрава&#13;
России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry n. a. A. I. Evdokimov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>37</issue><issue-title>Диагностика и онкотерапия (4)</issue-title><fpage>20</fpage><lpage>24</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Евдокимова Е.В., Артамонова Е.В., Делекторская В.В., Чемерис Г.Ю., Емельянова Г.С., Багрова С.Г., Маркович А.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Евдокимова Е.В., Артамонова Е.В., Делекторская В.В., Чемерис Г.Ю., Емельянова Г.С., Багрова С.Г., Маркович А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Evdokimova E.V., Artamonova E.V., Delectorskaya V.V., Chemeris G.Y., Emelyanova G.S., Bagrova S.G., Markovich A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/2409">https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/2409</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Впервые подгруппа нейроэндокринных опухолей (НЭО) III степени злокачественности (G3) была выделена в 2017 году для опухолей поджелудочной железы. НЭО G3 – это группа новообразований, схожих по морфологическим признакам с НЭО низкой и средней степени злокачественности, но со скоростью пролиферации, превышающей пороговые значения для НЭО G1/2. В то же время НЭО G3 клинически и генотипически отличаются от подгруппы низкодифференцированных нейроэндокринных карцином (НЭК). В то время как для нейроэндокринных карцином характерны мутации генов TP53, DAXX/ATRX/MEN 1, в НЭО G3 эти мутации отсутствуют. В НЭО G3, как правило, определяется экспрессия RB 1 при отсутствии мутации TP53. Также НЭО G3 обладают более высокой лекарственной чувствительностью и индолентным течением заболевания. Так, в 2019 году подгруппа НЭО G3 была включена в патоморфологическую классификацию Всемирной организации здравоохранения опухолей желудочно-кишечного тракта с целью унификации данных и выработки единой стратегии подходов к лечению данной группы пациентов. Однако к настоящему моменту подгруппа НЭО G3 находится в так называемой серой зоне, так как тактика лекарственной терапии для данной группы опухолей до сих пор не определена.</p></sec><sec><title>Цели и задачи</title><p>Цели и задачи. Целью исследования является: 1) выработать оптимальную стратегию лекарственного лечения первой линии НЭО G3; 2) оценить эффективность и переносимость новой опции терапии НЭО препаратом Араноза; 3) определение рецепторного статуса НЭО G3 в сравнении со смежными группами НЭО G2 и крупноклеточными нейроэндокринными карциномами (КНЭК) 4) оценить эффективность других режимов химиотерапии и биотерапии аналогами соматостатина.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследование включено 153 пациента с НЭН различных локализаций. Методом иммуногистохимии больные были подразделены на группы: НЭО G3 (n = 53, медиана ki‑67 36,4 % [21,0–60,0 %]), НЭО G2 (n = 50, медиана ki‑67 15,7 % [2,1–20,0 %]), КНЭК (n = 47, медиана ki‑67 69,0 % [38,0–96,0 %]). Пациентам НЭО G3 проводилась химиотерапия (ХТ) первой линии Аранозой (n = 19) в режиме XELOX (n = 8), TemCAP (n = 11) и платиносодержащими режимами (n = 10). Анализ базы данных проведен с помощью программы IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Из 153 пациентов НЭН в группу НЭО G3 вошли 53 (34,6 %) пациента. Нами проведен проспективный анализ данной подгруппы пациентов. При оценке эффективности лечения получены следующие данные: медиана выживаемости без прогрессирования (ВБП) в группе Аранозы составила 19,3 ± 5,9 месяца (95 % ДИ: 7,7–30,8), в группе XELOX – 10,8 ± 3,6 месяца (3,7–17,8), в группе TemCAP – 14,8 ± 4,2 месяца (6,6–23,1), и в группе платиносодержащих комбинаций – 4,4 ± 1,9 месяца (0,6–8,2), результат статистически значим (p = 0,01). Частота контроля заболевания (ЧКЗ) в группе Аранозы составила 73,6 %, частота объективных ответов (ЧОО) – 36,8 %, прогрессирование заболевания (ПЗ) наблюдалось в 21,1 % случаев. В группе XELOX ЧОО составила 62,5 %, стабилизация болезни наблюдалась в 50,0 % случаев, ПЗ – в 25,0 %. В группе TemCAP ЧКЗ составила 63,6 %, ЧОО наблюдался в 9,1 %, ПЗ – в 18,2 % случаев. В группе платиносодержащих режимов стабилизация болезни наблюдалась в 40,0 % случаев, ПЗ было отмечено в 50,0 % случаев (p = 0,05).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Согласно полученным данным, наиболее эффективными режимами первой линии с высокой медианой ВБП и ЧОО являются Араноза или режим TemCAP в комбинации с аналогами соматостатина.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Considering the fact that the group of neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) grade 3 is heterogenous, in the year of 2017 a new subgroup of welldifferentiated neuroendocrine tumors grade 3 (NETs G3) was described. NETs G3 are tumors with more favorable prognosis and less sensitive to platinum-based chemotherapy regimens than NECs, they also have peculiar morphogenetical qualities: lower ki‑67 index (mean 35.0 %), higher somatostatin receptors expression, absence of DAXX/ATRX/MEN 1 genes mutation, p53 expression in the absence of TP53 mutation. Nowadays treatment standard for NETs G3 subgroup is still remain unclear due to lack of prospective clinical trials. At the same time taking in note historical retrospective data, NETs G3 should be treated in line with NETs G1/G2 and only patients with higher ki‑67 index can be treated as NECs with platinum-based chemotherapy. In our non-randomised phase II prospective trial, we accessed the efficacy of different chemotherapy regimens in combination with somatostatin analogues in new NETs G3 subgroup. 153 patients with IHC-confirmed neuroendocrine neoplasm diagnose were included: NETs G3 n = 53 mean ki‑67 36.4 % [21.0–60.0 %], NETs G2 n = 50 mean ki‑67 15.7 % [2.1–20.0 %], NECs n = 50 mean ki‑67 69.0 % [38.0–96.0 %]). Patients from NETs G3 subgroup received 4 chemotherapy regimens: Aranose (n = 19), Aranose (arabinopiranosilmethyl nitrosocarbamide, ALK, – cytostatic drug with a chemical structure similar to Streptozotocin and Nitrosomethylurea, approved in Russian Federation for melanoma and welldifferentiated neuroendocrine tumors treatment), XELOX (n = 8), TemCAP (n = 11), EP/EC (n = 10). mPFS in Aranose-subgroup was 19.3 ± 5.9 months (95 % CI: 7.7–30.8), in XELOX – 10.8 ± 3.6 months (3.7–17.8), in TemCAP – 14.8 ± 4.2 months (6.6–23.1) and in platinum-based regimens – 4.4 ± 1.9 months (0.6–8.2) (p = 0.01). DCR in Aranose subgroup was 73.6 % and ORR – 36.8 %, PDR – 21.1 %, in XELOX subgroup ORR was 62.5 %, SDR was 50.0 % and PDR – 25.0 %, in TemCAP subgroup DCR was 63.6 %, ORR – 9.1 %, PDR – 18.2 % and in platinum-based regimens SDR was 40.0 %, PDR – 50.0 % (p = 0.05).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нейроэндокринные опухоли</kwd><kwd>grade 3</kwd><kwd>нейроэндокринные неоплазии</kwd><kwd>высокодифференцированные</kwd><kwd>высокозлокачественные</kwd><kwd>НЭО G3</kwd><kwd>НЭН</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>neuroendocrine tumors</kwd><kwd>grade 3</kwd><kwd>neuroendocrine neoplasias</kwd><kwd>highly differentiated</kwd><kwd>high-grade</kwd><kwd>NET G3</kwd><kwd>NEN</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bosman FT, Carneiro F, Hruban RH, Theise ND. WHO classification of tumours of the digestive system, 4th ed. 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