<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medalphabet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский алфавит</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical alphabet</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-5631</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Альфмед»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medalphabet-224</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современные подходы к профилактическому и лечебному использованию пробиотиков при инфекционных заболеваниях в педиатрической практике</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern approaches to preventive and therapeutic use of probiotics in infectious diseases in pediatric practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреева</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreeva</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Довгань</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dovgan</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стецюк</surname><given-names>О. У.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stetsyuk</surname><given-names>O. U.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИИ антимикробной химиотерапии ФГБОУ ВО «Смоленский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Smolensk State Mesical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ОГБУЗ «Смоленская областная клиническая больница»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Smolensk Regional Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>06</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><issue>19</issue><issue-title>Практическая гастроэнтерология</issue-title><fpage>16</fpage><lpage>21</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Андреева И.В., Довгань Е.В., Стецюк О.У., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Андреева И.В., Довгань Е.В., Стецюк О.У.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Andreeva I.V., Dovgan E.V., Stetsyuk O.U.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/224">https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/224</self-uri><abstract><p>Пробиотики (живые микроорганизмы, которые при назначении в адекватных количествах оказывают благотворное влияние на здоровье) в последние два десятилетия обрели заслуженную популярность в медицинской среде и широких слоях немедицинского населения, что обусловлено их высокой эффективностью, доказанной в хорошо организованных клинических исследованиях. В данной публикации отражены современные подходы к применению пробиотиков в лечении инфекционной диареи у детей, профилактическому использованию пробиотиков для предотвращения возникновения антибиотик-ассоциированнойдиареи и инфекций дыхательных путей в педиатрической практике.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Probiotics (living microorganisms that, when administered in adequate quantities, have a beneficial effect on health) have gained a well-deserved popularity in the medical environment and the broad strata of the non-medical population over the last two decades, due to their high efficacy, proven in well-organized clinical trials. This publication reflects modern approaches to the use of probiotics in the treatment of infectious diarrhea in children, the preventive use of probiotics to prevent the occurrence of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and respiratory infections in pediatric practice.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пробиотики</kwd><kwd>антибиотик-ассоциированная диарея</kwd><kwd>инфекции ЖКТ</kwd><kwd>профилактическое применение</kwd><kwd>безопасность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>probiotics</kwd><kwd>antibiotic-associated diarrhea</kwd><kwd>gastrointestinal infections</kwd><kwd>preventive use</kwd><kwd>safety</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lilly DM, Stillwell RH. Probiotics: Growth-Promoting Factors Produced by Microorganisms. Science 1965,147:747-748.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lilly DM, Stillwell RH. Probiotics: Growth-Promoting Factors Produced by Microorganisms. Science 1965,147:747-748.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">R.B. P. Probiotics, the other half of the antibiotic story. Anim. Nutr. Health 1974,29:4-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">R.B. P. Probiotics, the other half of the antibiotic story. Anim. Nutr. Health 1974,29:4-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Reid G. Regulatory and clinical aspects of dairy probiotics. FAO/WHO Expert Consultation o nEvaluation of Health and Nutritiona Properties of Powder Milk with Live Lactic Acid Bacteria. Cordoba, Argentina. 2001:1-34.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Reid G. Regulatory and clinical aspects of dairy probiotics. FAO/WHO Expert Consultation o nEvaluation of Health and Nutritiona Properties of Powder Milk with Live Lactic Acid Bacteria. Cordoba, Argentina. 2001:1-34.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Reid G, Jass J, Sebulsky MT, McCormick JK. Potential uses of probiotics in clinical practice. Clin Microbiol Rev 2003,16:658-672.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Reid G, Jass J, Sebulsky MT, McCormick JK. Potential uses of probiotics in clinical practice. Clin Microbiol Rev 2003,16:658-672.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Probiotics Pros and Cons. In; 2014.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Probiotics Pros and Cons. In; 2014.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мирзоян А. Про биотики и не только. Обзор рынка пробиотиков по итогам 1-го полугодия 2016 года. Фармацевтический вестник 2016,33(862):18-19.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Мирзоян А. Про биотики и не только. Обзор рынка пробиотиков по итогам 1-го полугодия 2016 года. Фармацевтический вестник 2016,33(862):18-19.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee YK, Salminen S. Handbook of Probiotics and Prebiotics, 2nd Edition: Wiley; 2009.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee YK, Salminen S. Handbook of Probiotics and Prebiotics, 2nd Edition: Wiley; 2009.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sazawal S, Hiremath G, Dhingra U, Malik P, Deb S, Black RE. Efficacy of probiotics in prevention of acute diarrhoea: a meta-analysis of masked, randomised, placebo-controlled trials. Lancet Infect Dis 2006,6:374-382.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sazawal S, Hiremath G, Dhingra U, Malik P, Deb S, Black RE. Efficacy of probiotics in prevention of acute diarrhoea: a meta-analysis of masked, randomised, placebo-controlled trials. Lancet Infect Dis 2006,6:374-382.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Szajewska H, Mrukowicz JZ. Probiotics in the treatment and prevention of acute infectious diarrhea in infants and children: a systematic review of published randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2001,33 Suppl 2: S 17-25.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Szajewska H, Mrukowicz JZ. Probiotics in the treatment and prevention of acute infectious diarrhea in infants and children: a systematic review of published randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2001,33 Suppl 2: S 17-25.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Van Niel CW, Feudtner C, Garrison MM, Christakis DA. Lactobacillus therapy for acute infectious diarrhea in children: a meta-analysis. Pediatrics 2002,109:678-684.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Van Niel CW, Feudtner C, Garrison MM, Christakis DA. Lactobacillus therapy for acute infectious diarrhea in children: a meta-analysis. Pediatrics 2002,109:678-684.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huang JS, Bousvaros A, Lee JW, Diaz A, Davidson EJ. Efficacy of probiotic use in acute diarrhea in children: a meta-analysis. Dig Dis Sci 2002,47:2625-2634.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huang JS, Bousvaros A, Lee JW, Diaz A, Davidson EJ. Efficacy of probiotic use in acute diarrhea in children: a meta-analysis. Dig Dis Sci 2002,47:2625-2634.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Allen SJ, Martinez EG, Gregorio GV, Dans LF. Probiotics for treating acute infectious diarrhoea. Cochrane Database Syst Rev: CD 003048. Медицинский алфавит № 19 / 2017, том № 2. Практическая гастроэнтерология E-mail: medalfavit@mail.ru</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Allen SJ, Martinez EG, Gregorio GV, Dans LF. Probiotics for treating acute infectious diarrhoea. Cochrane Database Syst Rev: CD 003048. Медицинский алфавит № 19 / 2017, том № 2. Практическая гастроэнтерология E-mail: medalfavit@mail.ru</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guandalini S, Pensabene L, Zikri MA, Dias JA, Casali LG, Hoekstra H, et al. Lactobacillus GG administered in oral rehydration solution to children with acute diarrhea: a multicenter European trial. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2000,30:54-60.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guandalini S, Pensabene L, Zikri MA, Dias JA, Casali LG, Hoekstra H, et al. Lactobacillus GG administered in oral rehydration solution to children with acute diarrhea: a multicenter European trial. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2000,30:54-60.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Saavedra JM, Bauman NA, Oung I, Perman JA, Yolken RH. Feeding of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Streptococcus thermophilus to infants in hospital for prevention of diarrhoea and shedding of rotavirus. Lancet 1994,344:1046-1049.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saavedra JM, Bauman NA, Oung I, Perman JA, Yolken RH. Feeding of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Streptococcus thermophilus to infants in hospital for prevention of diarrhoea and shedding of rotavirus. Lancet 1994,344:1046-1049.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Raza S, Graham SM, Allen SJ, Sultana S, Cuevas L, Hart CA. Lactobacillus GG promotes recovery from acute nonbloody diarrhea in Pakistan. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1995,14:107-111.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Raza S, Graham SM, Allen SJ, Sultana S, Cuevas L, Hart CA. Lactobacillus GG promotes recovery from acute nonbloody diarrhea in Pakistan. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1995,14:107-111.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Szajewska H, Skorka A, Ruszczynski M, Gieruszczak-Bialek D. Meta-analysis: Lactobacillus GG for treating acute gastroenteritis in children - updated analysis of randomised controlled trials. Aliment Pharmacol Ther,38:467-476.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Szajewska H, Skorka A, Ruszczynski M, Gieruszczak-Bialek D. Meta-analysis: Lactobacillus GG for treating acute gastroenteritis in children - updated analysis of randomised controlled trials. Aliment Pharmacol Ther,38:467-476.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">La Rosa M, Bottaro G, Gulino N, Gambuzza F, Di Forti F, Ini G, et al. [Prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea with Lactobacillus sporogens and fructo-oligosaccharides in children. A multicentric double-blind vs placebo study]. Minerva Pediatr 2003,55:447-452.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">La Rosa M, Bottaro G, Gulino N, Gambuzza F, Di Forti F, Ini G, et al. [Prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea with Lactobacillus sporogens and fructo-oligosaccharides in children. A multicentric double-blind vs placebo study]. Minerva Pediatr 2003,55:447-452.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McFarland LV. Epidemiology, risk factors and treatments for antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Dig D'is 1998,16:292-307.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McFarland LV. Epidemiology, risk factors and treatments for antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Dig D'is 1998,16:292-307.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Castagliuolo I, Riegler MF, Valenick L, LaMont JT, Pothoulakis C. Saccharomyces boulardii protease inhibits the effects of Clostridium difficile toxins A and B in human colonic mucosa. Infect Immun 1999,67:302-307.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Castagliuolo I, Riegler MF, Valenick L, LaMont JT, Pothoulakis C. Saccharomyces boulardii protease inhibits the effects of Clostridium difficile toxins A and B in human colonic mucosa. Infect Immun 1999,67:302-307.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">D'Souza AL, Rajkumar C, Cooke J, Bulpitt CJ. Probiotics in prevention of antibiotic associated diarrhoea: meta-analysis. BMJ 2002,324:1361.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">D'Souza AL, Rajkumar C, Cooke J, Bulpitt CJ. Probiotics in prevention of antibiotic associated diarrhoea: meta-analysis. BMJ 2002,324:1361.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arvola T, Laiho K, Torkkeli S, Mykkanen H, Salminen S, Maunula L, et al. Prophylactic Lactobacillus GG reduces antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children with respiratory infections: a randomized study. Pediatrics 1999,104: e64.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arvola T, Laiho K, Torkkeli S, Mykkanen H, Salminen S, Maunula L, et al. Prophylactic Lactobacillus GG reduces antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children with respiratory infections: a randomized study. Pediatrics 1999,104: e64.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vanderhoof JA, Whitney DB, Antonson DL, Hanner TL, Lupo JV, Young RJ. Lactobacillus GG in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children. J Pediatr 1999,135:564-568.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vanderhoof JA, Whitney DB, Antonson DL, Hanner TL, Lupo JV, Young RJ. Lactobacillus GG in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children. J Pediatr 1999,135:564-568.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jirapinyo P, Densupsoontorn N, Thamonsiri N, Wongarn R. Prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in infants by probiotics. J Med Assoc Thai 2002,85 Suppl 2: S739-742.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jirapinyo P, Densupsoontorn N, Thamonsiri N, Wongarn R. Prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in infants by probiotics. J Med Assoc Thai 2002,85 Suppl 2: S739-742.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Goldenberg JZ, Lytvyn L, Steurich J, Parkin P, Mahant S, Johnston BC. Probiotics for the prevention of pediatric antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015: CD 004827.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Goldenberg JZ, Lytvyn L, Steurich J, Parkin P, Mahant S, Johnston BC. Probiotics for the prevention of pediatric antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015: CD 004827.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lau CS, Chamberlain RS. Probiotics are effective at preventing Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Gen Med 2016,9:27-37.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lau CS, Chamberlain RS. Probiotics are effective at preventing Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Gen Med 2016,9:27-37.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hempel S, Newberry SJ, Maher AR, Wang Z, Miles JN, Shanman R, et al. Probiotics for the prevention and treatment of antibiotic-associated diarrhea: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA,307:1959-1969.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hempel S, Newberry SJ, Maher AR, Wang Z, Miles JN, Shanman R, et al. Probiotics for the prevention and treatment of antibiotic-associated diarrhea: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA,307:1959-1969.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McFarland LV. Deciphering meta-analytic results: a mini-review of probiotics for the prevention of paediatric antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and Clostridium difficile infections. Benef Microbes 2015,6:189-194.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McFarland LV. Deciphering meta-analytic results: a mini-review of probiotics for the prevention of paediatric antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and Clostridium difficile infections. Benef Microbes 2015,6:189-194.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nafstad P, Hagen JA, Oie L, Magnus P, Jaakkola JJ. Day care centers and respiratory health. Pediatrics 1999,103:753-758.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nafstad P, Hagen JA, Oie L, Magnus P, Jaakkola JJ. Day care centers and respiratory health. Pediatrics 1999,103:753-758.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stojkovic A, Simovic A, Bogdanovic Z, Bankovic D, Poskurica M. Clinical trial/experimental study (consort compliant): Optimal time period to achieve the effects on synbiotic-controlled wheezing and respiratory infections in young children. Srp Arh Celok Lek 2016,144:38-45.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stojkovic A, Simovic A, Bogdanovic Z, Bankovic D, Poskurica M. Clinical trial/experimental study (consort compliant): Optimal time period to achieve the effects on synbiotic-controlled wheezing and respiratory infections in young children. Srp Arh Celok Lek 2016,144:38-45.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hatakka K, Savilahti E, Ponka A, Meurman JH, Poussa T, Nase L, et al. Effect of long term consumption of probiotic milk on infections in children attending day care centres: double blind, randomised trial. BMJ 2001,322:1327.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hatakka K, Savilahti E, Ponka A, Meurman JH, Poussa T, Nase L, et al. Effect of long term consumption of probiotic milk on infections in children attending day care centres: double blind, randomised trial. BMJ 2001,322:1327.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hojsak I, Snovak N, Abdovic S, Szajewska H, Misak Z, Kolacek S. Lactobacillus GG in the prevention of gastrointestinal and respiratory tract infections in children who attend day care centers: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Clin Nutr 2010,29:312-316.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hojsak I, Snovak N, Abdovic S, Szajewska H, Misak Z, Kolacek S. Lactobacillus GG in the prevention of gastrointestinal and respiratory tract infections in children who attend day care centers: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Clin Nutr 2010,29:312-316.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rautava S, Salminen S, Isolauri E. Specific probiotics in reducing the risk of acute infections in infancy - a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Br J Nutr 2009,101:1722-1726.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rautava S, Salminen S, Isolauri E. Specific probiotics in reducing the risk of acute infections in infancy - a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Br J Nutr 2009,101:1722-1726.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
