medalphabetМедицинский алфавитMedical alphabet2078-56312949-2807ООО «Альфмед»10.33667/2078-5631-2021-9-44-51medalphabet-2038Research ArticleВ ПОМОЩЬ ПРАКТИЧЕСКОМУ ВРАЧУФокус на микробиоту кишечника при возраст-ассоциированных изменениях организмаFocus on gut microbiota in age-associated body changesАгафоноваЕ. В.AgafonovaE. V.

Агафонова Елена Владимировна, к. м. н., врач-дерматовенеролог 

Agafonova Elena V., PhD, dermatovenerologist, doctor of the first qualification category

evagafonova777@gmail.comФГБУ «Объединенная больница с поликлиникой» Управления делами Президента России; ФГБУ ДПО «Центральная государственная медицинская академия» Управления делами Президента РоссииРоссияUnited Hospital and Polyclinic of the Administrative Department of the President of Russia; Central State Medical Academy of the Administrative Department of the President of RussiaRussian Federation20212406202109Дерматология (1)4451Copyright © Агафонова Е.В., 20212021Агафонова Е.В.Agafonova E.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/2038

Старение – это физиологический запрограммированный процесс. И основная парадигма медицины будущего – сохранение здоровья и функциональности в борьбе с возраст-ассоциированными заболеваниями как причины преждевременного старения. Но с какими иволютивными изменениями можно ассоциировать микробиоту кишечника? Ведь стареют не бактериальные клетки, а меняется бактериальный состав в связи с сопутствующими заболеваниями. Поэтому важно отследить, какие изменения микробиота кишечника претерпевает с возрастом на примере распространенных геронтологических синдромов, таких как изменения во врожденном иммунитете, саркопения и когнитивные нарушения. Есть культуральные и биологические методы исследования, которые демонстрируют отличия микробиоты кишечника пожилых и молодых людей. Однако невозможно определить хронологический возрастной порог, после которого состав микробиоты начинает меняется, скорее, эти изменения происходят постепенно. Таким образом, для ученых до сих пор открытым остается вопрос, какие физиологические процессы связаны с изменениями в микробиоте и потерей здоровья. Это позволит установить, может ли микробиота быть целью для диагностики состояния здоровья при старении и какие мероприятия по регулированию состава и функции микробиоты возможны для сохранения активного долголетия. В данной статье представлена обзорная информация последних данных по микробиоте и иволютивным изменениям.

Aging is a physiologically programmed process. And the main paradigm of medicine of the future is the preservation of health and functionality in the fight against age-associated diseases as a cause of premature aging. But with what involutive changes can the gut microbiota be associated? After all, it is not bacterial cells that age, but the bacterial composition changes in connection with concomitant diseases. Therefore, it is important to track what changes the gut microbiota undergoes with age using the example of common gerontological syndromes such as changes in innate immunity, sarcopenia and cognitive impairment. There are cultural and biological research methods that demonstrate differences in the gut microbiota of the elderly and young people. However, it is impossible to determine the chronological age threshold, after which the composition of the microbiota begins to change, rather, these changes occur gradually. Thus, the question remains open for scientists, which physiological processes are associated with changes in the microbiota and loss of health. This will make it possible to establish whether the microbiota can be a target for diagnosing the health status during aging and what measures to regulate the composition and function of the microbiota are possible to maintain active longevity. This article will provide an overview of the latest data on microbiota and involutive changes.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.