medalphabetМедицинский алфавитMedical alphabet2078-56312949-2807ООО «Альфмед»medalphabet-19Research ArticleСтатьиОсновные факторы риска и особенности ишемических инсультов у мужчин молодого возраста (по данным Ярославской области)Main risk factors and characteristics of ischemic strokes in young men (according to Yaroslavl Region data)ПизовН. А.PizovN. A.noemail@neicon.ruПизоваН. В.PizovaN. V.noemail@neicon.ruГБОУ ВПО «Ярославский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава РоссииРоссияYaroslavl State Mesical UniversityRussian Federation20171901201712Неврология и психиатрия2832Copyright © Пизов Н.А., Пизова Н.В., 20172017Пизов Н.А., Пизова Н.В.Pizov N.A., Pizova N.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/19

Цереброваскулярные заболевания являются второй ведущей причиной смерти во всем мире. Результаты различных исследований продемонстрировали высокий процент лиц молодого возраста среди пациентов с инсультом. Мужчины испытывают более высокий риск развития инсульта большую часть жизни. Мужчины и женщины с ишемическим инсультом различаются по факторам риска развития инсульта. Этиология инсультов также отличается у мужчин и женщин. В ходе работы был проведен про- и ретроспективный анализ 90 историй болезни мужчин молодого возраста с ишемическим инсультом, пролеченных в сосудистых отделениях г. Ярославля в 2013-2015 годах. Среди обследованных пациентов средний возраст на момент развития ишемического инсульта составил 38,9 ± 4,9 года. В данной выборке регистрировались как первичные (n = 63; 70 %), так и повторные (n = 27; 30 %) инсульты. Согласно критериям TOAST при полном и углубленном обследовании этих пациентов выявлялись атеротромботический подтип (46,7 %), лакунарный подтип (25,6 %), кардиоэмболический подтип (4,5 %), ишемический инсульт другой известной этиологии (5,6 %) и неуточненный подтип (17,6 %). Среди пациентов молодого возраста в качестве значимых факторов риска определены курение (особенно в сочетании с гиперхолестеринемией), наличие артериальной гипертензии, ожирение (повышенный ИМТ), которые вносят наибольший вклад в развитие атеросклеротического поражения сонных артерий у мужчин до 45 лет.

Cerebrovascular diseases are the second leading cause of death worldwide. The results of various studies showed a high percentage of young adults among stroke patients. Men have a higher risk of stroke most of their life. Men and women with ischemic stroke differ in risk factors for stroke. The etiology of stroke is also different in men and women. In the course of the work a pro- and retrospective analysis of 90 case histories of young age men with ischemic stroke treated at the vascular department of Yaroslavl city (Russia) in 2013-2015 years was done. Among the patients studied, the average age at the time of ischemic stroke was 38.9 ± 4.9 years. In the sample, there were recorded as primary (n = 63; 70 %) and repeated (n = 27; 30 %) strokes. According to the TOAST criteria with full and in-depth examination of these patients atherothrombotic subtype (46.7 %), lacunar subtype (25.6 %), cardioembolic subtype (4.5 %), ischemic stroke of other known etiology (5.6 %) and unspecified subtype (17.6 %) revealed. As important risk factors among the patients of young age were smoking (especially in combination with hypercholesterolaemia), presence of hypertension, obesity (increased BMI). They make the greatest contribution to the development of atherosclerotic lesions of the carotid arteries in men up to 45 years.

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