<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medalphabet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский алфавит</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical alphabet</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-5631</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Альфмед»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33667/2078-5631-2020-37-37-41</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medalphabet-1867</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Токсокароз. Трудный диагноз в практике педиатра</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Toxocariasis. Difficult diagnosis in practice of pediatrician</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ермоленко</surname><given-names>К. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ermolenko</surname><given-names>K. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. м. н., н. с. отдела кишечных инфекций</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Детский научно-клинический центр инфекционных болезней» ФМБА России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pediatric Research and Clinical Centre for Infectious Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>01</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>37</issue><issue-title>Практическая гастроэнтерология (4)</issue-title><fpage>37</fpage><lpage>41</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ермоленко К.Д., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ермоленко К.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ermolenko K.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/1867">https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/1867</self-uri><abstract><p>Паразитические нематоды рода Toxocara являются социально-экономически важными зоонозными патогенами. Эти паразиты обычно напрямую передаются человеку-хозяину фекально-оральным путем и могут вызывать токсокароз и связанные с ним осложнения, включая аллергические и неврологические расстройства. Несмотря на то что, по оценкам, десятки миллионов людей подверглись воздействию Toxocara spp. или инфицированы ими, глобальная эпидемиологическая информация о связи между серопозитивностью и токсокарозом ограничена. Недавние результаты показывают, что в некоторых странах влияние токсокароза на здоровье человека усиливается. Целью обзора явилось проведение анализа современных данных об эпидемиологии, патогенезе, клинико-лабораторных проявлениях и терапии токсокароза. Материал и методы. Проведен анализ публикаций в системах PubMed, EMBASE и Web of Science в период с января 1950 по сентябрь 2020 года, освещающих исследования, документирующие эпидемиологические, патогенетические, клинико-лабораторные аспекты токсокароза. Помимо этого, были проанализированы клинические случаи токсокароза среди пациентов отделений ФГБУ «ДНКЦИБ» ФМБА России. В статье рассматриваются основные сведения о токсокарах, резюмируются ключевые аспекты патогенеза, диагностики и лечения токсокароза, его распространенности, даются рекомендации по профилактике и контролю данного заболевания.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Parasitic nematodes of the genus Toxocara are socio-economically important zoonotic pathogens. These parasites are usually directly transmitted to the human host through the fecal-oral route and can cause toxocariasis and related complications, including allergic and neurological disorders. Although tens of millions of people are estimated to have been exposed to Toxocara spp. or are infected with them, global epidemiological information on the relationship between seropositivity and toxocariasis is limited. Recent results show that in some countries the impact of toxocariasis on human health is increasing. The purpose of this review was to analyze modern data on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical and laboratory manifestations and therapy of toxocariasis. Material and methods. The analysis of publications in PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science systems in the period from January 1950 to September 2020, highlighting studies documenting the epidemiological, pathogenetic, clinical and laboratory aspects of toxocariasis. In addition, we analyzed clinical cases of toxocariasis among patients of the departments of the Pediatric Research and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases. The article discusses the basic information about toxocars, summarizes the key aspects of the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of toxocariasis, its prevalence, and gives recommendations for the prevention and control of this disease.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>токсокароз</kwd><kwd>эозинофилия</kwd><kwd>титр антител</kwd><kwd>альбендозол</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>toxocariasis</kwd><kwd>eosinophilia</kwd><kwd>antibody titer</kwd><kwd>albendazole</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nichols RL. The etiology of visceral larva migrans. I. Diagnostic morphology of infective second-stage Toxocara larvae. J Parasitol 1956; 42: 349–62.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nichols RL. The etiology of visceral larva migrans. I. Diagnostic morphology of infective second-stage Toxocara larvae. J Parasitol 1956; 42: 349–62.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wilder HC. Nematode endophthalmitis. Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 1950; 55: 99–109.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wilder HC. Nematode endophthalmitis. Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 1950; 55: 99–109.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hotez PJ, Wilkins PP. Toxocariasis: America’s most common neglected infection of poverty and a helminthiasis of global importance? PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2009; 3: e400.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hotez PJ, Wilkins PP. Toxocariasis: America’s most common neglected infection of poverty and a helminthiasis of global importance? PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2009; 3: e400.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Macpherson CN. The epidemiology and public health importance of toxocariasis: a zoonosis of global importance. Int J Parasitol 2013; 43: 999–1008.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Macpherson CN. The epidemiology and public health importance of toxocariasis: a zoonosis of global importance. Int J Parasitol 2013; 43: 999–1008.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ma G., Holland C. V., Wang T., Hofmann A., Fan C. K., Maizels R. M., … &amp; Gasser R. B. (2018). Human toxocariasis. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 18 (1), e14– e24.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ma G., Holland C. V., Wang T., Hofmann A., Fan C. K., Maizels R. M., … &amp; Gasser R. B. (2018). Human toxocariasis. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 18 (1), e14– e24.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Overgaauw PA. Aspects of Toxocara epidemiology: humantoxocarosis. Crit Rev Microbiol 1997; 23: 215–31.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Overgaauw PA. Aspects of Toxocara epidemiology: humantoxocarosis. Crit Rev Microbiol 1997; 23: 215–31.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пугачев О. Н., Корнакова Е. Е., Сергиев В. П., Лобзин Ю. В., Козлов С. С. (ред.). Паразитарные болезни человека (протозоозы и гельминтозы): Руководство для врачей. Фолиант. 2006 // Паразитология. 2007. Т. 41. № 4. С. 322–324.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Пугачев О. Н., Корнакова Е. Е., Сергиев В. П., Лобзин Ю. В., Козлов С. С. (ред.). Паразитарные болезни человека (протозоозы и гельминтозы): Руководство для врачей. Фолиант. 2006 // Паразитология. 2007. Т. 41. № 4. С. 322–324.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Palmer CS, Thompson RC, Traub RJ, Rees R, Robertson ID. National study of the gastrointestinal parasites of dogs and cats in Australia. Vet Parasitol 2008; 151: 181–90.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Palmer CS, Thompson RC, Traub RJ, Rees R, Robertson ID. National study of the gastrointestinal parasites of dogs and cats in Australia. Vet Parasitol 2008; 151: 181–90.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barutzki D, Schaper R. Results of parasitological examinations of faecal samples from cats and dogs in Germany between 2003 and 2010. Parasitol Res 2011; 109: S 45–60.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barutzki D, Schaper R. Results of parasitological examinations of faecal samples from cats and dogs in Germany between 2003 and 2010. Parasitol Res 2011; 109: S 45–60.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dai RS, Li ZY, Li F, et al. Severe infection of adult dogs with helminths in Hunan Province, China poses significant public health concerns. Vet Parasitol 2009; 1б0: 348–50.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dai RS, Li ZY, Li F, et al. Severe infection of adult dogs with helminths in Hunan Province, China poses significant public health concerns. Vet Parasitol 2009; 1б0: 348–50.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Токсокароз: современное состояние проблемы в Российской Федерации: информационно-методическое письмо / ФБУН «Омский НИИ природно-очаговых инфекций» Роспотребнадзора. Омск: ООО Изд. центр «Омский научный вестник», 2015. 24 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Токсокароз: современное состояние проблемы в Российской Федерации: информационно-методическое письмо / ФБУН «Омский НИИ природно-очаговых инфекций» Роспотребнадзора. Омск: ООО Изд. центр «Омский научный вестник», 2015. 24 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jones JL, Kruszon-Moran D, Won K, Wilson M, Schantz PM. Toxoplasma gondii and Toxocara spp. co-infection. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2008; 78: 35–39.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jones JL, Kruszon-Moran D, Won K, Wilson M, Schantz PM. Toxoplasma gondii and Toxocara spp. co-infection. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2008; 78: 35–39.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Salem G, Schantz P. Toxocaral visceral larva migrans after ingestion of raw lamb liver. Clin Infect Dis 1992; 15: 743–44.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Salem G, Schantz P. Toxocaral visceral larva migrans after ingestion of raw lamb liver. Clin Infect Dis 1992; 15: 743–44.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yoshikawa M, Nishiofuku M, Moriya K, et al. A familial case of visceral toxocariasis due to consumption of raw bovine liver. Parasitol Int 2008; 57: 525–29.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yoshikawa M, Nishiofuku M, Moriya K, et al. A familial case of visceral toxocariasis due to consumption of raw bovine liver. Parasitol Int 2008; 57: 525–29.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hayashi E, Tuda J, Imada M, Akao N, Fujita K. The high prevalence of asymptomatic Toxocara infection among schoolchildren in Manado, Indonesia. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2005; 36: 1399: 406.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hayashi E, Tuda J, Imada M, Akao N, Fujita K. The high prevalence of asymptomatic Toxocara infection among schoolchildren in Manado, Indonesia. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2005; 36: 1399: 406.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fu CJ, Chuang TW, Lin HS, et al. Seroepidemiology of Toxocara canis infection among primary schoolchildren in the capital area of the Republic of the Marshall Islands. BMC Infect Dis 2014; 14: 261.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fu CJ, Chuang TW, Lin HS, et al. Seroepidemiology of Toxocara canis infection among primary schoolchildren in the capital area of the Republic of the Marshall Islands. BMC Infect Dis 2014; 14: 261.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Finsterer J, Auer H. Neurotoxocarosis. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2007; 49: 279–87.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Finsterer J, Auer H. Neurotoxocarosis. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2007; 49: 279–87.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pivetti-Pezzi P. Ocular toxocariasis. Int J Med Sci 2009; 6: 129–30.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pivetti-Pezzi P. Ocular toxocariasis. Int J Med Sci 2009; 6: 129–30.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hrckova G, Velebny S, Obwaller A, Auer H, Kogan G. Evaluation of follow-up of therapy with fenbendazole incorporated into stabilized liposomes and immunomodulator glucan in mice infected with Toxocara canis larvae. Acta Trop 2007; 104: 122–32.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hrckova G, Velebny S, Obwaller A, Auer H, Kogan G. Evaluation of follow-up of therapy with fenbendazole incorporated into stabilized liposomes and immunomodulator glucan in mice infected with Toxocara canis larvae. Acta Trop 2007; 104: 122–32.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moreira GM, Telmo Pde L, Mendonga M, et al. Human toxocariasis: current advances in diagnostics, treatment, and interventions. Trends Parasitol 2014; 30: 456–64.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moreira GM, Telmo Pde L, Mendonga M, et al. Human toxocariasis: current advances in diagnostics, treatment, and interventions. Trends Parasitol 2014; 30: 456–64.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jang E. Y. et al. Enhanced resolution of eosinophilic liver abscess associated with toxocariasis by albendazole treatment //The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology. 2015. Т. 65. N 4. С. 222–228.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jang E. Y. et al. Enhanced resolution of eosinophilic liver abscess associated with toxocariasis by albendazole treatment //The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology. 2015. Т. 65. N 4. С. 222–228.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wisniewska-Ligier M, Wozniakowska-Gesicka T, Sobolewska-Dryjanska J, Markiewicz-Jozwiak A, Wieczorek M. Analysis of the course and treatment of toxocariasis in children-a long-term observation. Parasitol Res 2012; 110: 2363–71.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wisniewska-Ligier M, Wozniakowska-Gesicka T, Sobolewska-Dryjanska J, Markiewicz-Jozwiak A, Wieczorek M. Analysis of the course and treatment of toxocariasis in children-a long-term observation. Parasitol Res 2012; 110: 2363–71.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Holland CV. Knowledge gaps in the epidemiology of Toxocara: the enigma remains. Parasitology 2017; 144: 81–94.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Holland CV. Knowledge gaps in the epidemiology of Toxocara: the enigma remains. Parasitology 2017; 144: 81–94.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Poulsen CS, Skov S, Yoshida A, et al. Differential serodiagnostics of Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati – is it possible? Parasite Immunol 2015; 37: 20.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Poulsen CS, Skov S, Yoshida A, et al. Differential serodiagnostics of Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati – is it possible? Parasite Immunol 2015; 37: 20.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
