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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">medalphabet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицинский алфавит</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical alphabet</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2078-5631</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2807</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Альфмед»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33667/2078-5631-2020-2-37-40</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">medalphabet-1431</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Факторы риска сердечно‑сосудистых заболеваний среди машинистов локомотивов железнодорожного транспорта</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Risk factors for cardiovascular disease among railway locomotive drivers</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., проф. кафедры факультетской терапии педиатрического факультета</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Старокожева</surname><given-names>А. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Starokozheva</surname><given-names>A. Ya.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>соискатель ученой степени к. м. н., кафедра факультетской терапии педиатрического факультета, врач-кардиолог НКЦ ОАО «РЖД»</p><p>г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н. И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian National Research Medical University n. a. N. I. Pirogov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title>Современная поликлиника</issue-title><fpage>37</fpage><lpage>40</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Орлова Н.В., Старокожева А.Я., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Орлова Н.В., Старокожева А.Я.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Orlova N.V., Starokozheva A.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/1431">https://www.med-alphabet.com/jour/article/view/1431</self-uri><abstract><p>Сердечно‑сосудистые заболевания у машинистов локомотивов являются фактором, ограничивающим их трудовую деятельность, так как потенциально могут повышать риски несчастных случаев и катастроф на железнодорожном транспорте. Условия труда машинистов сопряжены с профессиональными вредностями, оказывающими негативное влияние на сердечно‑сосудистую систему. Обзор клинических исследований изучения факторов риска сердечно‑сосудистых заболеваний свидетельствует о значимой роли психологического стресса на состояние здоровья машинистов. Выявлено, что негативные последствия стресса для сердечно‑сосудистой системы зависят от напряженности работы, режима работы, а также от социальных факторов: удовлетворенности работой, зарплатой, качеством отдыха и сна. Проведенные исследования выявили корреляционную взаимосвязь развития нарушений ритма сердца высоких градаций с психоэмоциональным стрессом и апноэ сна у машинистов локомотивов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Cardiovascular diseases in locomotive drivers are a factor limiting their working activity, as they can potentially increase the risks of accidents and disasters in rail transport. Working conditions of drivers are associated with occupational hazards that have a negative impact on the cardiovascular system. A review of clinical studies examining the risk factors for cardiovascular disease indicates the significant role of psychological stress on the health status of drivers. It was revealed that the negative effects of stress on the cardiovascular system depend on work stress, work schedule, and also on social factors: job satisfaction, salary, quality of rest and sleep. The studies revealed a correlation between the development of cardiac rhythm disturbances of high gradations with psychoemotional stress and sleep apnea in locomotive drivers.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>машинисты локомотивов</kwd><kwd>сердечно‑сосудистые заболевания</kwd><kwd>психоэмоциональный стресс</kwd><kwd>апноэ сна</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>locomotive drivers</kwd><kwd>cardiovascular diseases</kwd><kwd>psychoemotional stress</kwd><kwd>sleep apnea</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бичкаев Я. И., Горохова Л. М., Мартынова Н. А. Влияние производственных факторов на развитие основных заболеваний у различных профессиональных групп железнодорожников. Экология человека; 2008.1: 44–52.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Бичкаев Я. И., Горохова Л. М., Мартынова Н. А. 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